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BANKRUPTCY LAWYER: IS ONE ESSENTIAL TO FILE FOR BANKRUPTCY IN ONTARIO?

Bankruptcy lawyer: Introduction

Step right into this week’s edition of Brandon’s Blog, where we’re embarking on a profound exploration. Our focus today delves into a crucial theme that carries substantial weight within the psyche of a myriad of Canadian consumers grappling with financial adversity, as well as Canadian business owners navigating their enterprises with too many business debts through fiscal quandaries. The question at the forefront: do the circumstances warrant enlisting the expertise of a bankruptcy lawyer when contemplations of insolvency filings in Canada take center stage?

Venturing through the intricate landscape of insolvency and the realms of personal or corporate bankruptcy has the potential to stir feelings of frustration and helplessness. This sentiment amplifies mainly when the trajectory of your personal or corporate fiscal destiny hangs in a precarious balance, swaying like a delicate pendulum. The gravity of making prudent choices during this trying juncture cannot be overstated. At its core, lies the quintessential need to not only identify the right course but also to discern the adept professional from whose wellspring of wisdom guidance should be sought.

In this Brandon’s Blog, I will outline the scenarios in which consulting with a bankruptcy lawyer is highly advised, but as you will see, it is not essential in every circumstance. Whether you are taking into consideration submitting a restructuring proposal or seeking bankruptcy protection, recognizing who to turn to for specialist assistance for legal and financial advice can substantially affect the result of your financial journey.

I will discuss the intricate details surrounding insolvency as well as bankruptcy law in Canada. By diving into the significance of professional assistance and support, I intend to equip you with the understanding needed to make enlightened decisions during this difficult phase. Join me as we decipher the secrets of insolvency and bankruptcy and empower ourselves to safeguard a better financial future.

Bankruptcy lawyer: Overview of the insolvency and bankruptcy process in Canada

The bankruptcy procedure in Canada is governed by the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (BIA). It is a legal statute developed to supply relief to people and companies that are unable to pay their financial obligations. The process always includes the services of a Licensed Insolvency Trustee that is responsible for administering the insolvency process.

The Licensed Insolvency Trustee is first required to assess the debtor’s entire financial situation, including the causes of the insolvency, the current financial position and the nature of the assets and liabilities of the debtor. The Licensed Insolvency Trustee then needs to make recommendations to the debtor to solve their current financial crisis. Once agreed on, what insolvency or bankruptcy process will be implemented, the BIA and the restructuring consumer proposal, Division I proposal or the bankruptcy, is put into operation to offer a fresh start for the debtor while making certain there is fair treatment for the creditors.

A Licensed Insolvency Trustee is the only professional licensed in Canada by the federal government to administer the Canadian insolvency process chosen. In many cases, the process can be carried out without the advice of a bankruptcy lawyer.

bankruptcy lawyer
bankruptcy lawyer

Bankruptcy lawyer: Formal insolvency options in Canada

Navigating the intricate labyrinth of bankruptcy within Canada unfurls as a legal undertaking of profound significance, extending its benevolent embrace to both individuals and enterprises ensnared within the inescapable clutches of their fiscal commitments. This orchestrated progression finds its regulatory compass in the venerable BIA, its vigilant guardianship entrusted to a duly licensed sentinel of fiscal adversity, recognized as a Trustee.

Commencing this odyssey, the debtor sets forth to formally lodge their supplication for bankruptcy, an entreaty promptly received by the Licensed Insolvency Trustee, who, in turn, undertakes the judicious scrutiny of the debtor’s economic constellations. From this intricate appraisal blooms a stratagem, a masterwork designed to navigate the undulating terrain of debt repayment, fostering equilibrium amid the ranks of creditors.

Through the procession of this intricate ballet, the debtor finds sanctuary from the clamorous onslaught of creditor collections, an ephemeral respite nestled within the folds of the overarching process. This respite, however, is not a sojourn of idle reprieve; it entails the debtor’s obligatory participation in the convocations of credit counsel, a didactic interlude intended to illuminate the labyrinthine corridors of fiscal wisdom.

Once the intricacies of this design garner the seal of approval, the gears of asset liquidation are set into motion, unfurling a cascade of transactions wherein the debtor’s holdings metamorphose into liquid currency, a tribute disseminated among the consortium of creditors who await their apportioned spoils.

The culmination of this voyage heralds the debtor’s liberation from the shackles of residual indebtedness, a phoenix rising from the embers of fiscal duress, reborn into a realm unburdened by the obligations that once ensnared them.

The formal insolvency options in Canada are described below.

Insolvency and debt relief solutions for individuals –

  • Restructuring by making monthly payments under a consumer proposal for those who owe $250,000 or less (not including any debts secured by and registered against a person’s residence).
  • Financial restructuring under a Division I proposal, for those who owe more than $250,000.
  • Personal bankruptcy.

Insolvency and debt relief options for companies –

  • Financial restructuring under a Division I proposal as an alternative to bankruptcy.
  • Sale of assets through a receivership enforcement process initiated by a secured creditor.
  • Restructuring for companies that owe $5 million or more under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA).
  • corporate/business bankruptcies..

In certain situations, looking for the advice of a Canadian bankruptcy lawyer is of utmost significance. An insolvency or bankruptcy filing is an intricate legal process that needs careful consideration of an individual’s financial scenario. A bankruptcy legal representative can assist with whether corporate or personal bankruptcy, as the case may be, is the best option, the kinds of insolvency processes readily available, and the connected lawful obligations and effects.

Furthermore, individuals can seek assistance from a bankruptcy lawyer to guide them through the legal procedures. It is highly recommended that consumer debtors seek advice from both a licensed insolvency trustee and a bankruptcy lawyer in certain circumstances. Some typical scenarios that warrant additional counsel from a bankruptcy lawyer well-versed in insolvency law include:

  1. They are involved in complex family law proceedings.
  2. There are one or more legal actions against you that allege unlawful behaviour, such as fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation or the conversion of someone else’s property, such as funds held in trust.
  3. The bankrupt’s application for discharge from bankruptcy is being opposed and therefore there will be a court hearing.
  4. Their financial situation is intertwined with other issues where confidential consultation with legal advice is required and that advice must be protected by solicitor-client privilege.
  5. There are special asset considerations where a privileged discussion with a bankruptcy lawyer is essential before seeking advice and assistance from a Licensed Insolvency Trustee.

In corporate insolvency situations, we always recommend that the Directors obtain legal advice from a bankruptcy lawyer in addition to the corporation obtaining legal assistance.

A bankruptcy lawyer can provide customized guidance in such touchy situations as well as representation to guarantee the most effective feasible outcome for their clients.

bankruptcy lawyer
bankruptcy lawyer

Can I file for bankruptcy without a bankruptcy lawyer in Canada?

While it is possible to declare bankruptcy without a bankruptcy lawyer in Canada, it is recommended to seek legal counsel for complex corporate and personal filings. Hiring a bankruptcy attorney supplies several advantages, including knowledge of insolvency legislation, assistance in more complex proceedings and guidance on unusual issues, specific unique creditor issues or claims and personal liability under any personal guarantees.

In addition, a bankruptcy lawyer can represent you in court proceedings such as with litigants who have obtained approval of the court to continue litigation against the debtor and on a personal bankruptcy discharge hearing. This will guarantee that your legal rights are safeguarded throughout the process. Therefore, in these kinds of consumer and corporate insolvency matters, it is smart to talk to a qualified bankruptcy lawyer to ensure a smoother and much more successful bankruptcy process in Canada.

Determining the necessity of enlisting the services of both a bankruptcy lawyer and a Licensed Insolvency Trustee: Is a bankruptcy lawyer required to initiate bankruptcy proceedings in Canada?

Filing for bankruptcy in Canada can be a complex as well as stressful process, however, as defined above, it is feasible to do it without the help of a bankruptcy lawyer. A bankruptcy lawyer cannot launch the bankruptcy process in Canada. In Canada, bankruptcy, as well as any other insolvency process, is launched and administered by Licensed Insolvency Trustees that are qualified and also supervised by the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (OSB). So when someone files for bankruptcy, it is done with a trustee in bankruptcy (this is the old name for a Licensed Insolvency Trustee).

Trustees are accountable for overseeing and handling the Canadian bankruptcy and insolvency procedures, including the liquidation of assets and the distribution of proceeds to creditors for unsecured debts. They additionally offer debtors financial counselling, therapy and support on how to handle their financial resources in the future. To end up being a Trustee, people need to satisfy particular educational and professional requirements, consisting of completing specialized training, courses and examinations. Thus, Canadians can trust that their insolvency, as well as personal bankruptcy procedures, are being managed by qualified and also experienced professionals.

Regardless of the guidance and aid regarding your financial affairs from a Licensed Insolvency Trustee before and also after the initiation of a financial restructuring or personal bankruptcy process, a Licensed Insolvency Trustee practically acts on behalf of the unsecured creditors. So, for circumstances like those described above, if any debtor has an extra complicated scenario, is associated with sticky scenarios or is concerned about the director or personal responsibility as a result of a business restructuring or bankruptcy, then the recommendations of a bankruptcy lawyer should be acquired before entering into any insolvency procedure.

bankruptcy lawyer
bankruptcy lawyer

Bankruptcy lawyer and a Licensed Insolvency Trustee: Determining the necessity of enlisting the services of both a bankruptcy lawyer and a Licensed Insolvency Trustee

There arise certain junctures where the imperative of engaging a proficient bankruptcy lawyer to adroitly navigate the intricate labyrinth of the Canadian bankruptcy process becomes unequivocal. As expounded upon earlier, should your fiscal panorama manifest intricacies reminiscent of a Byzantine tapestry, replete with an entanglement of debts and creditors, the tutelage and expertise proffered by a bankruptcy lawyer morph into an invaluable compass.

The determination of the exigency to enlist the services not only of a bankruptcy lawyer but also of a bankruptcy trustee constitutes a pivotal crossroads for both individuals and enterprises ensnared in the throes of financial quandaries. While a bankruptcy lawyer adroitly dispenses legal counsel and advocates in the corridors of justice, a bankruptcy trustee’s role expands to encompass the labyrinthine realm of debt reorganization, proposal filings, and the art of debt alchemy. Their convergence encapsulates a holistic stratagem in the pursuit of resolving the monetary labyrinth.

Grasping the complexity inherent in bankruptcy law is tantamount, and a seasoned bankruptcy lawyer deftly steers through the legal firmament, charting a course that aligns with the best nexus of legal tenets. Conversely, a Licensed Insolvency Trustee proffers a detached analysis of the financial constellation, endowing clients with an array of options extending beyond the binary realm of bankruptcy and answering any questions about bankruptcy you may have.

At its essence, the verdict to summon forth both the prowess of a bankruptcy lawyer and the sagacity of a Trustee should hinge upon the unique tapestry woven by individual circumstances and the crystalline aspirations of the client. Ultimately, it comes down to the complexity and sensitivity of the person’s or company’s overall situation.

How to find a qualified bankruptcy lawyer or Licensed Insolvency Trustee in Ontario

When confronted with financial troubles in Canada, it’s important to make informed choices. If you’re thinking about bankruptcy, it’s smart to seek guidance from a Licensed Insolvency Trustee. These professionals can assist you through the intricate procedure and also give important understanding.

For those with especially complicated financial circumstances, or who is a corporate director of an insolvency company, it might be essential to employ the help of a seasoned bankruptcy lawyer.

Starting your search for trustworthy professionals can be frustrating. Nonetheless, a calculated strategy can aid. Begin by discovering the Law Society of Ontario’s website, where you’ll discover a comprehensive list of competent legal experts that concentrate on bankruptcy and insolvency.

To locate a bankruptcy trustee near you, explore the computerized database of the OSB. This will certainly give a list of bankruptcy trustees in your locale to seek insight, advice and assistance. For both a bankruptcy lawyer as well as a Trustee, it is essential to engage in a comprehensive conversation with any prospective advisor, delving into their specialist background, navigational technique, and cost structure.

Efficiency is not the only aspect to think about; reliability and also the personal vibe you get from that person to see if you make a connection are likewise essential elements that need to inform your decision. By locating an ally who can give adept support throughout this challenging period, you can navigate this hard juncture with greater ease as well as confidence.

Finally, check out Google and other online reviews. There is nothing better than reviews from people who were in your shoes before and sought assistance from a Licensed Trustee, bankruptcy lawyer or both. Their experience and insight into specific professionals will help you immensely. Things to look for include:

  1. What service did they perform for the person?
  2. Does the reviewer live in your general area?
  3. Did the professional do a good job?
  4. What were some of the reviewer’s favourite things in working with that professional?
  5. Did they work with any specific people in the firm that they highly recommend?
  6. How did the Licensed Insolvency Trustee or bankruptcy lawyer they chose to compare to others they may have consulted with?
  7. Are there any tips the reviewer offers to others?

Bankruptcy lawyer: Conclusion

Looking for legal advice when considering bankruptcy is not needed in every scenario. However, it is necessary when it concerns complicated plans. Hiring a qualified bankruptcy lawyer can provide countless benefits. They have the proficiency as well as knowledge to advise you before embarking on a bankruptcy process and afterwards to assist you with the whole procedure.

When considering filing an assignment in bankruptcy in Canada, it is crucial to comprehend the complexities of the process and also the potential effects. While it may be possible to navigate through it without an insolvency lawyer, talking to one will supply the specialist expertise necessary to guarantee a smooth and efficient process when you have complex or unique issues in your situation.

From evaluating your financial situation to exploring alternatives such as a restructuring proposal, a bankruptcy lawyer can direct you through the legal puzzle and also suggest the most ideal strategy. When it concerns matters as substantial as bankruptcy, seeking expert help is a sensible choice to secure your best interests and also secure a fresh financial start.

I hope you enjoyed this bankruptcy lawyer Brandon’s Blog. Problems with making ends meet are a growing concern in Canada, affecting individuals of all ages and income levels.

Creating a solid financial plan can be the key to unlocking a brighter and more prosperous future. By taking control of your finances, you can prioritize your expenses, set clear financial goals, and build a strong foundation for your dreams to come true. With the right mindset and approach, financial planning can empower you to regain control, eliminate this issue as a source of stress in your life and find peace of mind.

Individuals must take proactive measures to address financial difficulties and promptly seek assistance when necessary. It is crucial to recognize that financial stress is a prevalent concern and seeking help is a demonstration of fortitude, rather than vulnerability. Should you encounter challenges in managing your finances and find yourself burdened by stress, do not delay in pursuing aid.

Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing people, entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses with debt problems that are in financial distress. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Are you worried about what your fiduciary obligations are and not sure if the decisions you are about to make are the correct ones to avoid personal liability? Those concerns are obviously on your mind.

The Ira Smith Team understands these financial health concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own and it does not mean that you are a bad person. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team uses innovative and cutting-edge methodologies, to adeptly navigate you through the intricacies of your financial challenges, ensuring a resolution to your debt-related predicaments without resorting to the rigours of the bankruptcy process. We can get you debt relief now!

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a Trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

The Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. team understands that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

bankruptcy lawyer
bankruptcy lawyer

 

 

 

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DEBT RELIEF OPTIONS: OUR COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR IDENTIFYING RELIABLE DEBT ADVICE

Debt relief options: Introduction

Suppose you ever find yourself overwhelmed by the weight of excessive financial responsibilities. In that case, it becomes crucial to seek trustworthy recommendations for selecting a reliable service provider who can assist you with various options to alleviate your financial debts and provide you with the most beneficial financial guidance. Amidst the vast array of available assistance choices, it might seem daunting to pinpoint genuine resources that can genuinely assist you without any hidden agendas. It holds great significance for your future well-being to be able to distinguish between deceitful scammers and genuine helpers.

Fear not, for there exists an infinite realm of dependable suppliers specializing in financial debt relief options eagerly awaiting your discovery. From the information in this Brandon’s Blog, you can boldly conquer your present economic challenges, obtain the appropriate assistance from the right individuals, and make well-informed decisions that will emancipate you from the shackles of debt -Starting Over, Starting Now!

Debt relief options: What is debt relief?

Debt relief encompasses a myriad of technical strategies and detailed processes designed to lessen or eradicate the weighty load of unresolved financial obligations for individuals and businesses. It entails the implementation of deliberate and targeted measures to alleviate the pressing strain on one’s economic well-being, engage in negotiations for the revision of loan terms, or reach mutually agreeable resolutions with creditors.

Debt relief options take on many diverse forms, including but not limited to debt consolidation, the pursuit of debt settlements, the formulation and execution of comprehensive debt management plans, and, in the most dire circumstances, the contemplation of bankruptcy as an ultimate solution.

The overarching objective that underpins the concept of all debt relief options is to furnish individuals or entities with a revitalized opportunity, empowering them to reclaim a solid footing in their fiscal affairs, reinstating stability, and propelling them toward a more tenable and enduring financial equilibrium.

debt relief options
debt relief options

Debt relief options: Why managing debt is crucial

In today’s modern society, more and more Canadian households are struggling with debt. The prevalence of indebtedness has emerged as an unsurprising reality in the lives of numerous individuals. From the weighty load of educational loans to the looming presence of bills linked to credit cards, the accumulation of debts can swiftly escalate and become overwhelming if not effectively handled.

The management of indebtedness is not solely a matter of personal responsibility but a skill that can yield a profound impact on one’s financial well-being and prospects for the future. By grasping the significance of debt management, individuals can make well-informed decisions concerning their finances, elude the treacherous clasp of debt cycles, and ultimately achieve lasting financial stability.

Efficiently handling indebtedness is vital in safeguarding your financial freedom. Uncontrolled debts can result in missed payments, penalties, exorbitant interest rates, and even bankruptcy. Debt management ensures that you retain control over your finances and empowers you to take charge of your own life. Seeking guidance from reliable professionals specializing in debt relief will furnish you with practical options tailored to your unique financial situation, enabling you to resolve your debt issues. Hence, skillfully managing your debts is paramount in establishing a solid financial foundation.

Given its implications on credit ratings, financial independence, and overall peace of mind, the management of indebtedness assumes critical importance. Whether you are a recent graduate burdened with educational loans, a homeowner grappling with a mortgage, or simply an individual juggling multiple credit card bills, this article on Brandon’s Blog is specifically crafted to cater to your needs.

Debt relief options: Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (Canada)

On the 27th of June of this year, a notice was issued by The Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (OSB), stressing the significance of understanding the perils associated with the unregulated Debt Advisory Marketplace, while simultaneously aiding consumers in identifying trustworthy sources of debt assistance.

One must bear in mind that unregulated advisors have the potential to impose exorbitant charges, varying from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars, for services that they are not legally permitted to offer. Furthermore, they may demand payment for redundant or repetitive services both prior to, during, and subsequent consultations.

In order to safeguard oneself from deceptive schemes, it is highly recommended to exercise prudence and seek guidance from duly authorized and regulated professionals.

debt relief options
debt relief options

Debt relief options: The difference between good and bad debt relief service providers

If you find yourself inundated with mounting financial obligations and in search of a way out, rest assured that you are not alone in this predicament. It is not uncommon for individuals to confront economic difficulties that can result in substantial levels of indebtedness. Nevertheless, it is crucial to bear in mind that there are avenues accessible to assist you in regaining command over your fiscal circumstances.

Debt relief service providers can play a pivotal role in facilitating your journey toward financial stability. However, it is of utmost importance to distinguish between reputable and unscrupulous providers. The ensuing discussion will delineate the characteristics that set reputable debt relief service providers apart from those who may not have your best interests at heart. By comprehending these distinctions, you will be empowered to make an astute decision and select a provider that genuinely aids you in your choice of debt relief options for accomplishing your financial objectives.

When embarking on your quest for debt relief options, it is imperative to identify trustworthy sources. Trustworthy debt relief service providers exhibit transparent fee structures and refrain from making grandiose promises to their clients. Additionally, they boast a dependable accreditation program, thereby ensuring the credibility of their services. Conversely, unscrupulous debt relief service providers make untenable pledges and levy concealed fees, exacerbating the accumulation of debt. Armed with this understanding, individuals can safeguard themselves against dubious service providers and reclaim control over their financial affairs.

I shall delve into the significance of credibility, transparency, experience, and success rates when it comes to selecting a debt relief service provider.

Debt relief options: Factors to consider when choosing a debt relief service

Certification and accreditation of the debt relief service provider

When it involves seeking support with handling as well as decreasing your financial debts, it is crucial to work with professionals that are accredited, licensed and supervised by a government body. This is where accreditation and certification play a significant function.

By choosing a financial debt relief service provider that is licensed as well as well-recognized, you can have satisfaction knowing that you are working with a respectable company that complies with licensing requirements, market criteria and best practices. Qualification and certification ensure that the service provider fulfills detailed standards as well as possesses the needed knowledge to provide you with the full range of debt relief options and financial advice and successfully help you manage your financial debt. Furthermore, they guarantee that the solution abides by relevant regulations, legislation and standards.

In today’s financial landscape, rip-offs, as well as unethical practices, exist, making it vital to shield on your own and also make informed choices. By going with a certified and accredited financial debt relief professional, you can rely on that the professionals you are collaborating with have undergone rigorous training as well as satisfy the highest possible requirements in the market.

Throughout this blog post, we will delve into the importance of certification and accreditation, the benefits they offer, and how they can assist you in making informed decisions when selecting a debt relief service provider. Whether you are considering credit counselling, debt consolidation, or debt settlement, understanding the significance of certification and accreditation will empower you to navigate the complex world of debt relief with confidence.

Join us as we explore this topic in detail and equip you with the knowledge you need to make the best choices for your financial well-being. It’s time to take control of your financial future and choose a debt relief service provider that has your best interests at heart.

Transparent fee structure

Dealing with the issue of debt can elicit an overwhelming and stressful encounter; nevertheless, collaborating with a distinguished debt alleviation firm can offer respite from the burden. However, it is crucial to exercise caution when opting for a debt alleviation firm, as not all firms are forged equally. One pivotal aspect to contemplate is the firm’s fee framework, as any esteemed debt alleviation firm must possess a transparent fee framework that is effortlessly understandable and does not obscure any covert expenses.

Transparency constitutes an essential constituent of debt alleviation services, as consumers merit a lucid comprehension of the expenses and potential outcomes linked to the rendered services. An esteemed debt alleviation firm will provide an all-encompassing breakdown of all fees associated with their services, encompassing upfront fees, monthly fees, and success fees. Moreover, they ought to provide upfront disclosure about any prospective risks or limitations associated with their services, rather than proffering unrealistic promises or guarantees.

Customer reviews and rating

One crucial factor to consider when selecting a debt relief service is customer reviews and ratings. A professional debt relief company will provide genuine reviews and ratings of their services from their satisfied clients. By looking at these reviews and ratings, you can discern whether the debt relief service has a history of delivering results and exceptional customer service. High ratings and positive reviews are typically an indication that the company has a reputable track record of helping individuals get out of debt. Therefore, it is vital to do your research and make sure you choose a company that has a proven history of delivering excellent results.

debt relief options
debt relief options

Debt relief options: Tips for managing your debt

Below are my best tips for finding debt solutions:

Credit counselling

Using a community-based non-profit credit counselling agency to address consumer debt difficulties can generate numerous benefits. Below are some vital advantages to take into consideration:

Professional Support: These agencies used trained and licensed credit counsellors that possess considerable expertise in personal money and debt restructuring. They can supply valuable suggestions customized to your specific situation, providing a tailored plan to conquer your financial debt challenges.

Financial Guidance and Education: These community-based credit counselling agencies regularly offer support for budgeting and deliver programs that concentrate on financial literacy. By collaborating with such an agency, you can learn how to create a budget plan, focus on expenditures, and also develop sustainable financial methods. Improving your financial literacy will enable you to make informed decisions as well as stop possible future debt problems.

Debt Management Plans: These agencies may offer Debt Management Programs (DMPs) as a feasible service for settling your financial obligations. Via a DMP, the agency bargains with your creditors to lower rates of interest, waive charges and develop a consolidated payment plan. This strategy can make the process of financial debt settlement more convenient as well as accelerate your progress toward ending up being debt-free.

Financial Institution Relationships: These non-profit credit counseling agencies have actually developed links with a range of financial institutions being the banks and credit unions. Because of this, they might be able to properly work out useful terms and payment options for you, thereby decreasing interest rates to an affordable annual percentage rate and also month-to-month payments.

Emotional Support: All debt relief options can be challenging and mentally draining as you work your way through them. Community-based credit counselling agencies understand the psychological toll that money difficulties can have on people and their households. They cultivate a helpful environment where you can honestly reveal your worries as well as get experienced advice. This enables you to really feel much more empowered and inspired to conquer your financial obstacles.

Non-profit Status: These agencies run as nonprofit organizations and place a top priority on assisting people in need rather than producing profits. They typically provide their solutions for small fees, or in many cases, free of charge. This makes their solutions much more available and also budget-friendly for those experiencing financial difficulties. We always recommend using non-profit community-based debt counselling firms as one of the debt relief options that can be utilized. We never suggest utilizing financial debt settlement for profit companies.

Confidentiality and Privacy: These community-based agencies focus on client confidentiality and privacy. They take great care with your personal financial information and also make sure that individual details are kept safe and secure.

Debt consolidation

Debt consolidation is a preferred choice for individuals looking to combine numerous debts into one manageable debt with a single monthly payment. This debt relief option entails getting a single loan that can repay all of your existing financial obligations. This one personal loan is at a lower interest rate than the average interest rate charged on all your current outstanding debts and streamlines the settlement process.

Nevertheless, it is essential to carefully weigh the benefits and drawbacks of debt consolidation and the terms of all debt consolidation loans being offered to you. Look for a trusted financial partner, evaluate the terms and costs related to the consolidation loan, and consider your ability to stay current with the brand-new repayment timetable. With the appropriate approach, financial debt consolidation can be a wise technique for taking control of your funds.

Individuals have several choices when it pertains to combining debt. The concept is that either:

  1. your credit history is good enough so that you can obtain an unsecured loan; or
  2. you are choosing to use security for the loan.

For example, you may have 5 charge cards all with unpaid debts. You are pressing the upper limits of your authorized credit and the interest rates are very high. If you can get a home equity line of credit at a much lower annual interest rate, the benefit is evident. So it would be a clever option to use security to get a consolidation loan.

If you didn’t intend to or really did not have security to provide, you may have a good enough credit score to obtain an unsecured loan. If you can get this sort of funding, the annual interest rate charged will be more than for a secured loan, but still much less than you are paying on your credit cards. So this too would be a smart method to go with.

Debt settlement

Debt settlement is a debt relief choice that includes working out with your creditors an arrangement to pay them less than the total you owe them in order to settle all your financial debts for less than what is owed. This option can help to reduce your total financial debts into amounts that you can repay and prevent you from needing to file for bankruptcy.

Nevertheless, it ought to be noted that this debt relief option can have a negative impact on your credit rating and may cause taxable income obligation effects if any of the debts you are comprising were taken on to earn income. This option is best for those who have just a few creditors and have the financial literacy ability and are not afraid to contact and negotiate with their creditors on their own.

If you don’t believe you can do it on your own, stay away from the for-profit debt settlement companies as they are not looking out for your best interests. The best way to do a debt settlement plan if you are not confident that you can do it on your own is either the DMP described above, or a consumer proposal, described below.

Consumer proposal

If you’re battling with financial debt, a consumer proposal may be a great debt settlement plan for you. This debt relief solution is a legal process carried out under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA). It enables you to pay back part of your debt over time. The benefit to you of a consumer proposal is that as soon as you end up repaying the part that you agreed to, you will be totally debt-free. The unpaid balance is eliminated too.

To get this government-sanctioned financial debt settlement strategy, you need to be insolvent and also have unsecured debts of $250,000 or less owing to all your unsecured creditors (omitting any type of secured debts registered against your personal residence such as mortgages or lines of credit).

This type of repayment plan is a good choice for people who are:

  • Employed;
  • can budget plan their money to make the required month-to-month regular payments;
  • want to avoid and choose the best alternative to bankruptcy; and
  • can’t stand all the collection calls from the debt collectors any longer.

Under the BIA, a licensed insolvency trustee (previously called a bankruptcy trustee) is the only party allowed under Canadian law to administer a consumer proposal. The licensed insolvency trustee is named the consumer proposal administrator.

The licensed insolvency trustee will submit the needed documents to the OSB. All interest charges and all collections calls stop on the day you file your consumer proposal. You can take up to 5 years to pay the amount promised under your consumer proposal.

When you submit a consumer proposal, any legal action your unsecured creditors have actually started against you is frozen and stopped. That goes for any legal action any of your creditors were threatening to start also. If a creditor currently has a judgment against you and is having your wages garnisheed, that stops too. You get that legal protection by making an insolvency filing under the BIA.

The licensed insolvency trustee who oversees your consumer proposal is responsible for negotiating with your unsecured creditors to reduce your unsecured original debts on your behalf. Upon successful acceptance of your proposal by the required majority of your creditors, you will be obligated to make monthly payments as per the agreed-upon terms of the proposal. You make your one monthly payment to the licensed insolvency trustee who takes care of making the promised payments to creditors.

Bankruptcy

Bankruptcy is a legal recourse that enables individuals or companies to discharge or restructure their financial liabilities. While it is the last option anyone should consider in the hierarchy of debt relief options, bankruptcy may be the most appropriate solution in certain circumstances.

It is crucial to weigh the consequences and benefits before opting for bankruptcy. A seasoned licensed insolvency trustee can guide you through the process and provide insights on the other debt relief options mentioned earlier.

Bankruptcy should not be taken lightly. Nevertheless, if carefully considered and implemented, it can offer a fresh start and an opportunity to rebuild credit scores for a stronger financial future.

I will not delve into the intricacies of the bankruptcy process and its workings in this Brandon’s Blog post. If you need to learn more about the bankruptcy process and if it is right for you, call me.

debt relief options
debt relief options

Debt relief options: Conclusion

Managing financial debt can indeed be a difficult as well as emotionally draining experience. However, there are reliable sources offered to give guidance and support. When looking for assistance with debt problems, I recommend 2 trusted resources: non-profit community-based credit counselling agencies and licensed insolvency trustees. Stay away from a for-profit debt settlement company.

I hope you enjoyed this debt relief options Brandon’s Blog. Financial stress is a growing concern in Canada, affecting individuals of all ages and income levels.

Creating a solid financial plan can be the key to unlocking a brighter and more prosperous future. By taking control of your finances, you can prioritize your expenses, set clear financial goals, and build a strong foundation for your dreams to come true. With the right mindset and approach, financial planning can empower you to regain control, eliminate this issue as a source of stress in your life and find peace of mind.

Individuals must take proactive measures to address financial difficulties and promptly seek assistance when necessary. It is crucial to recognize that financial stress is a prevalent concern and seeking help is a demonstration of fortitude, rather than vulnerability. Should you encounter challenges in managing your finances and find yourself burdened by stress, do not delay in pursuing aid.

Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing people, entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses that are in financial distress. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Are you worried about what your fiduciary obligations are and not sure if the decisions you are about to make are the correct ones to avoid personal liability? Those concerns are obviously on your mind.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own and it does not mean that you are a bad person. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team uses innovative and cutting-edge methodologies, to adeptly navigate you through the intricacies of your financial challenges, ensuring a resolution to your debt-related predicaments without resorting to the rigours of the bankruptcy process. We can get you debt relief now!

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a Trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

The Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. team understands that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

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debt relief options
Categories
Brandon Blog Post

CANADIAN INSOLVENCY CASES: DECODING THE DETAILED TAXATION PROCESS FOR SUCCESSFUL COURT OFFICER FEES APPROVAL

Canadian insolvency: Introduction

As Canadian insolvency laws progress, so do the regulations surrounding the taxation of court officer fees. These fees often make up a considerable proportion of the expenses incurred during insolvency proceedings. It is absolutely essential for insolvency practitioners, legal professionals, and other parties involved in such cases to comprehend the critical factors that affect the taxation of court officer fees.

Knowing the taxation procedure for court officer fees in Canadian insolvency cases that are supervised by the court is significant for various reasons. The following points highlight some of the crucial aspects to consider:

  1. Promoting Transparency and Accountability: The taxation procedure guarantees transparency and accountability in the assessment of court officer fees. It encompasses an autonomous evaluation of the charges imposed by court-appointed officials, such as trustees, receivers, monitors, or liquidators. By comprehending this procedure, interested parties can ascertain that the fees are reasonable and justified.
  2. Safeguarding Stakeholder Interests: Insolvency proceedings encompass multiple stakeholders, including lenders, borrowers, and stockholders. The taxation process aids in safeguarding their interests by scrutinizing the fees imposed by court officers. It ensures that the charges align with the services rendered and prevents exorbitant or unwarranted levies.
  3. Fostering Confidence in the System: By establishing a robust taxation process, the court-supervised insolvency system in Canadian proceedings instills confidence among stakeholders. They can place their trust in the fact that the fees imposed by court officers undergo independent scrutiny and are not arbitrary. This bolsters the overall credibility and integrity of the Canadian insolvency process.
  4. Alleviating Financial Burdens: Insolvency proceedings can present financial hardships for both debtors and creditors alike. Familiarizing oneself with the taxation process enables stakeholders to identify any potential excessive fees and seek recourse if necessary. This helps mitigate additional financial burdens on parties already grappling with financial difficulties.
  5. Facilitating Efficient Resolution: The taxation of costs process fosters efficiency in resolving disputes pertaining to court officer fees. In the event of a disagreement over the charges imposed, a taxation hearing is conducted to settle the dispute. By grasping the intricacies of the process, stakeholders can navigate it adeptly, leading to a prompt resolution and averting unnecessary delays.

To provide a comprehensive overview, it is of utmost importance to grasp the intricacies of the taxation procedure pertaining to the fees charged by court officers in Canadian insolvency proceedings under court supervision. Such understanding not only ensures transparency but also safeguards stakeholder interests, fosters confidence in the system, mitigates financial burdens, and facilitates the efficient resolution of disputes related to fees.

In this Brandon’s Blog, I delve into the multifaceted aspects that shape the taxation of costs. Through this exploration, my aim is to offer valuable insights that will assist you in navigating this intricate domain. Come join us as we embark on an exploration of the nuanced intricacies of Canadian insolvency law and the myriad factors influencing the taxation of court officer fees.

Understanding The Role of Court Officers in Canadian Insolvency Cases

Definition and Role of Court Officers

Within the framework of a Canadian insolvency proceeding supervised by the court, a crucial role is fulfilled by the Licensed Insolvency Trustee (LIT). Acting as a court-designated official, the LIT plays an integral part in facilitating the management of the case and ensuring a fair and efficient process.

Endowed with accreditation from the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (OSB), LITs as insolvency professionals are highly skilled experts possessing extensive expertise and experience in the realm of bankruptcy and insolvency. They act as unbiased and autonomous professionals, tasked with overseeing the insolvency proceedings in compliance with legal norms and regulations.

As a court-appointed officer, the LIT’s responsibilities are multifaceted and encompass a wide array of duties. These may encompass:

  • When confronted with the financial circumstances of a debtor, it becomes imperative to adopt a comprehensive methodology. Licensed Insolvency Trustees (LITs) excel at appraising the debtor’s assets and ascertaining the optimal strategy for disbursing them among creditors. Through meticulous evaluation of the debtor’s fiscal position, LITs can contribute to guaranteeing a just and impartial allocation of assets to all relevant parties. With their proficiencies in debt and asset administration, LITs serve as invaluable for individuals confronted with financial problems.
  • Facilitating meetings of creditors: LITs organize and conduct meetings where creditors can voice their concerns, vote on important matters, and provide their consent or objections regarding the insolvency process.
  • Developing a proposal or managing bankruptcy proceedings: Depending on the type of insolvency proceeding (such as a consumer proposal or bankruptcy), LITs may assist debtors in developing a proposal to settle their debts or administer the bankruptcy process if the proposal is not viable.
  • Investigating the affairs of the debtor: LITs have the authority to investigate the debtor’s financial affairs, including examining their records, transactions, and conduct, to identify any fraudulent activities or preferences that may impact the distribution of assets.

The above is the case regardless of whether it is a personal insolvency administration or a corporate insolvency one.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency

Types of Court Officers in Canadian insolvency cases

In the course of Canadian insolvency proceedings, the court possesses the authority to carry out diverse designations involving a LIT to supervise and manage the operation. These designations hinge upon the nature of the insolvency instance and the particular circumstances. Here, I present the normal kinds of designations that a court could enact:

Bankruptcy Trustee

In scenarios of personal or corporate bankruptcy, the LIT acting as the trustee of the bankrupt estate is automatically an officer of the court. The trustee assumes the responsibility of administering the bankruptcy, handling the assets, and disbursing the proceeds to creditors in accordance with the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA).

Interim Receiver

In certain Canadian insolvency cases, the court may opt to appoint an interim receiver under the BIA, who will serve as a temporary custodian. The primary goal of an interim receiver is to safeguard and preserve the debtor’s assets during the insolvency process.

They are authorized to take control of the debtor’s property and make necessary arrangements to ensure its proper management and security. Typically, an interim receiver is appointed when:

  1. there is a risk of asset dissipation before the court hears an Application for Bankruptcy Order; or
  2. when the debtor intends to sell some or all of its operating assets during a Division I Proposal administration and requires court approval for the sale, with the LIT who is acting as Proposal Trustee also assisting in the sale.

Proposal Trustee

In cases where an insolvent debtor files a consumer proposal or a corporate proposal under the BIA, the LIT acting as the proposal trustee of the insolvent debtor is automatically an officer of the court. The proposal trustee is accountable for evaluating the proposal, conducting meetings with creditors, supervising the restructuring process and the implementation of the approved proposal and making the necessary distribution to the unsecured creditors.

Monitor

In larger corporate insolvencies under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA), the court designates a LIT to act as a monitor. The monitor acts as an independent third party and oversees the affairs of the debtor, ensures adherence to the CCAA procedure, and reports to the court and creditors. The monitor also oversees the restructuring process and the implementation of the restructuring plan.

Receiver

In the course of a Canadian insolvency proceeding, a receiver appointed by the court assumes control and oversees the management of a debtor’s assets. The receiver’s principal purpose revolves around the preservation of creditors’ interests and the facilitation of an organized administration process.

The appointment through a court-ordered receivership commonly occurs in situations where the debtor has defaulted and has no capacity to fulfill its financial obligations or when the need arises to safeguard and conserve the value of the debtor’s assets.

The receiver possesses extensive authority granted by the court to competently execute their responsibilities. These authorities encompass aspects such as assuming possession and control of the debtor’s assets, managing and liquidating assets, collecting outstanding debts, investigating the debtor’s financial matters, and disbursing proceeds to creditors in alignment with the court’s directives.

Liquidator

The court can appoint a liquidator in the case where the debtor company is solvent but the business is no longer viable. The company, with the assistance of the LIT who is the court-appointed liquidator, can collect on and sell its assets and there will be sufficient funds to pay off all the creditors and have money left over to distribute to the shareholders.

What do all of these court officers have in common?

All of the above various court officer appointments have one thing in common. To ensure an impartial and equitable process, the LIT appointed as the court officer assumes the role of an autonomous entity separate from the debtor and the creditors. They remain accountable to the court and bear a fiduciary duty toward the stakeholders involved.

The appointment of a court officer aims to facilitate the systematic resolution of the Canadian insolvency case (or in the case of a liquidation, the liquidation administration) while safeguarding the interests of the stakeholders involved, by entrusting the responsibilities to the LIT acting as an independent party possessing the requisite expertise in asset management and the resolution of financial disagreements and predicaments.

The appointments will differ depending on the specific circumstances of each case. The court possesses the discretion to enact appropriate designations with relevant powers granted to the LIT as the court officer to ensure the efficient administration and safeguarding of the rights of the debtor and creditors.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency

Understanding court officer fees in Canadian insolvency cases

In the realm of Canadian insolvency procedures, the proficiency of court-appointed officers is paramount and unswerving, as they assume a pivotal and irreplaceable function in the management and safeguarding of assets to benefit creditors. LITs bear the weighty responsibility of overseeing the course of insolvency proceedings, ensuring an impartial allocation of assets, and facilitating intricate financial resolutions.

As a testament to their outstanding contributions, court-designated officers are rightfully entitled to specific remunerations, acknowledging their unwavering commitment and specialized expertise. This section of the article aims to embark upon a comprehensive exploration of the diverse fee structures associated with court-appointed officers within the Canadian insolvency administration framework.

Initial retainer fee

Prior to their appointment and as a condition of consenting to act, court-appointed officers may necessitate an initial retainer fee. This fee acts as an upfront payment for their services and covers the preliminary expenses associated with commencing the insolvency administration process. The determination of the retainer fee typically hinges on the intricacy of the case and the complexity of the estate. The retainer amount is credited against the total fees earned as approved by the court.

Fee for administrative purposes

The administration fee constitutes an additional classification of court officer fees. Its objective is to cover the continuous administrative expenses accrued during the process of insolvency administration. This is the professional fee of the court officer, calculated by the hours worked by each level of staff of the court officer, at their standard hourly rates. This is the most common type of court officer fee.

Asset Realization or performance-based fee

It is possible in unique situations where the sale of assets will be very complex, the court officer earns an asset realization fee. It is earned only if the LIT is successful in disposing of the assets belonging to the insolvent estate or obtains a value above some pre-determined threshold amount. The court officer’s hard work in assessing, marketing, and selling assets is crucial to ensuring that creditors receive the best possible returns. Generally, the asset realization fee is calculated as a percentage of the total value of the realized assets or as a percentage of the revenue generated above the pre-determined threshold from the sale of assets.

Disbursements

In addition to the aforementioned fees, court-appointed officers are entitled to charge for their reasonable disbursements incurred during the course of their duties. Disbursements may encompass expenses relating to travel, professional services, legal fees incurred by the court officer, court filings, third-party valuations or appraisals, and other essential costs directly associated with the administration of the insolvency proceedings. The court officer is obligated to maintain meticulous records and furnish comprehensive accounts of the disbursements (and fees) for scrutiny and approval.

Significance of the checks and balances in the court taxation process for court officer fees

In all of the above cases, it is crucial to underscore those court-appointed officer fees and disbursements are subject to judicial oversight and scrutiny to ascertain their reasonableness and justifiability in light of the services rendered. The court possesses the authority to review and endorse these fees, factoring in elements such as the complexity of the case, the qualifications of the court officer, the scope of work performed, and the benefits conferred upon the stakeholders involved.

Court-appointed officers engaged in Canadian insolvency administrations are entitled to a potentially diverse array of fees, commensurate with their indispensable role in the management and preservation of assets. These fees encompass the initial retainer fee, administration fee, asset realization fee, performance-based fee, and reasonable disbursements. By duly compensating court-appointed officers for their unrivalled expertise and unwavering commitment, the insolvency administration process can proceed seamlessly, instilling confidence among creditors regarding the equitable and effective management of the insolvent estate.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency

Taxation process for court officer fees

The intricate procedure of taxing court officer charges in Canadian insolvency cases is a multifaceted framework that is influenced by numerous pivotal elements. Grasping these elements is of utmost importance for court officers and stakeholders alike, as it directly affects the amount of remuneration received by court officers for their labour and what is accessible to be allocated to the creditors in the priority of their ranking.

By conducting comprehensive evaluations of numerous Canadian insolvency cases, the court has established a series of benchmarks for the taxing process in scrutinizing and endorsing the fee and disbursements of a court officer. The taxing process is impelled by a variety of distinctive elements that necessitate meticulous attention to detail.

In essence, by acquiring a lucid comprehension of the taxing process and its implications, court officers can ensure that they obtain equitable compensation for their labour, while concurrently providing clients with a valuable service. Here are the elements that a court scrutinizes when determining the appropriateness of the fee and disbursements levied by its court officer.

Canadian insolvency cases: What are the factors that the court considers in the taxation of costs process for court officer fees

Preparation and submission of taxation of costs materials

The court officer’s application for the approval of its fee and disbursements is like any other court application. There needs to be the proper legal documents and evidence. The evidence is normally the court officer’s report to the court accompanied by invoices and detailed time dockets, sufficient to show what steps were taken in the administration for the specific date range, by who and at what professional hourly rate. This would be the case not only for the court officer but also for legal counsel providing legal services to the court officer.

This evidence would be accompanied by a sworn affidavit from an official from the court officer’s firm and the legal firm providing legal advice to the court officer, attesting to the accuracy of the time kept and that the hourly rates charged were the standard hourly rates. This would be for the administrative fee described above. If the court officer or its legal counsel feels they are entitled to any other type of fee, that evidence would also have to be put forward. An example would be a signed and accepted engagement letter between the court officer and the applicant in the original litigation that resulted in the appointment of the court officer.

The remaining procedures and documents are the ones that the lawyer acting on behalf of and providing legal advice to the court officer normally does such as obtaining a court date and preparing the notice of motion, factum and draft order, filing it with the court, effecting service on all interested parties and providing proof of service.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency

The Ontario court pays close attention to and follows several significant legal cases regarding the taxation of court officer fees when assessing the amounts in issue. These cases are:

Bank of Nova Scotia v. Diemer, 2014 ONSC 365 at paragraph 3, citing Re Bakemates International Inc., [2002] O.J. NO. 3659 (Ont. C.A.) – These cases establishes the essential principle that court officers must provide evidence to support the fairness and reasonableness of their requested compensation when seeking approval from the court. The court acknowledges its power to modify the fees and charges imposed by court officers, ensuring a just outcome is achieved.

Re Nortel Networks Corporation et al, 2017 ONSC 673 at paragraph 15, quoting Bank of Nova Scotia v. Diemer, 2014 ONSC 365 at para. 19, aff’d 2014 ONCA 851 – The court is not obligated to scrutinize the intricate details of dockets, hours, explanations, or disbursements. Instead, it has the authority to take into account all pertinent factors and make a more comprehensive assessment when awarding costs or fees. The Court of Appeal has emphasized that the primary focus should be on the achieved results, rather than the amount of time expended in achieving them.

Jethwani v. Damji, 2017 ONSC 3524 at paragraph 49 quoting HSBC Bank Canada v. Mahvash Lechcier-Kimel, 2014 ONSC 1690; aff’d 2014 ONCA 721.- In the context of a court-supervised Canadian insolvency case, if the actions of the court officer are considered imprudent and/or unreasonable, the fees and disbursements for the amounts in issue resulting from such conduct may be deemed unfair and unreasonable. This means that the court officer may not be entitled to receive full compensation for their services if their actions during the administration are deemed inappropriate or unreasonable.

Analyzing the prudence and reasonableness of the court officer’s conduct entails subjective interpretation, usually falling within the purview of the supervising court in Canadian insolvency proceedings. The court will consider an array of factors, including the accomplishments of the court officer, the encountered challenges, and the alignment of actions with the court’s directives and the best interests of all parties involved.

Should the court determine that the court officer’s actions were imprudent or unreasonable, they possess the authority to make appropriate adjustments to the fees and expenses. This adjustment is rooted in the notion that compensation ought to correspond to the level of performance and reasonableness demonstrated throughout the entire Canadian insolvency case.

What will the court specifically consider during the taxation process?

Based on the above cases, the Canadian courts will consider a non-exhaustive list of factors in determining whether a Court officer’s fees are fair and reasonable, including the:

  • nature, extent and value of the assets handled;
  • complications and difficulties encountered;
  • degree of assistance provided by the company, its officers or employees;
  • time spent;
  • court officer’s knowledge, experience and skill;
  • diligence and thoroughness displayed;
  • responsibilities assumed;
  • results of the court officer’s efforts; and
  • cost of comparable services and service providers in the jurisdiction when performed in a prudent and economical manner.

    canadian insolvency
    canadian insolvency

Canadian insolvency court officer best practices: Enhancing performance and safeguarding interests

In my view, court officers should adopt a set of best practices that can greatly contribute to their effectiveness. These practices should include the implementation of a signed engagement letter in Canadian insolvency court proceedings.

The Importance of a signed engagement letter

The signed engagement letter holds immense significance as it meticulously outlines the extent, nature, and expenses associated with the tasks to be undertaken by a court officer in Canadian insolvency court proceedings. By formalizing the agreement between the court officer and the Applicant, this document sets clear expectations and offers a wide array of benefits to both parties involved.

1. Ensuring clarity and defining the scope of work

With a signed engagement letter, the responsibilities and duties of the court officer become unambiguously clear. It provides a precise delineation of the work’s scope, encompassing specific tasks, deadlines, and deliverables. Such lucidity fosters a mutual understanding between the court officer and the Applicant, effectively minimizing potential misunderstandings or future disputes.

The possession of a signed engagement letter serves as concrete legal protection for both the court officer and the Applicant. It acts as tangible evidence of the agreed-upon terms, substantially reducing the likelihood of contractual conflicts. In instances of disagreements or misunderstandings, this engagement letter stands as a binding agreement, effectively safeguarding the interests of both parties.

3. Transparent cost structure

The engagement letter offers a transparent overview of the expenses associated with the court officer’s services. It explicitly outlines the fee structure, payment terms, and any additional costs that may arise throughout the court proceedings. This transparency enables the Applicant to aptly plan their budget, effectively averting any unforeseen financial surprises.

4. Aligning expectations

By explicitly defining the nature of the work to be performed, an engagement letter ensures a shared understanding between the court officer and the Applicant. It empowers the Applicant to comprehend the services they will receive and the level of assistance they can expect from the court officer. Simultaneously, it grants the court officer the opportunity to clarify their role and set realistic expectations for the Applicant, thus fostering a productive and harmonious working relationship.

5. Professionalism and credibility enhancement

When a court officer provides a signed engagement letter, it showcases their professionalism and credibility. This letter is proof that the officer is dedicated to upholding ethical standards and providing high-quality services. It also reassures the client that they are working with a skilled and responsible court officer. Overall, a signed engagement letter is a crucial element that enhances the court officer’s reputation and builds trust with their clients.

6. Documentation for effective record-keeping

The engagement letter assumes a pivotal role as an indispensable document for meticulous record-keeping purposes. It ensures that all pertinent details regarding the court officer’s engagement and the scope of work are meticulously documented in writing. This comprehensive documentation becomes invaluable when the need for future clarifications or reviews of the work arises.

In summary, incorporating a signed engagement letter into court proceedings is an indispensable best practice for court officers. It fosters clarity, safeguards legal interests, establishes transparent cost structures, aligns expectations, enhances professionalism and credibility, and facilitates effective record-keeping. By adhering to these practices, court officers can significantly enhance their performance and effectively safeguard the interests of all parties involved.

Advantages of meticulous record-keeping for fee statements in court-supervised Canadian insolvency proceedings

Within court-supervised Canadian insolvency proceedings, the court officer assumes a pivotal role in managing the intricate financial aspects of the process. The presence of comprehensive and precise documentation of fee statements yields substantial advantages for both the court officer and the stakeholders involved. Let’s delve into these benefits in greater depth:

1. Transparency and accountability

Thoroughly documented fee statements establish transparency and accountability concerning the financial transactions carried out by a court officer. They empower stakeholders to obtain a lucid comprehension of the imposed fees and the corresponding services rendered. By upholding meticulous records, the court officer can manifest their unwavering dedication to impartiality and ethical conduct, fostering trust among the stakeholders.

2. Justification of fees

Court officers are entitled to receive fair compensation for the provision of their services. By diligently documenting fee statements, court officers can substantiate the fees they levy. These records delineate the precise tasks undertaken, the invested time, and the intricacy of the involved work. Such comprehensive details enable stakeholders to grasp the value that the court officer brings forth and diminish the likelihood of fee-related disputes.

By ensuring the scrupulous documentation of fee statements, court officers can mitigate the risk of legal issues and the need for additional legal services stemming from erroneous or incomplete records. Given the exacting financial reporting requirements within court-supervised Canadian insolvency proceedings, precise and comprehensive fee statements contribute to adherence to regulatory standards, thereby minimizing the potential for legal entanglements.

4. Augmented stakeholder confidence

Stakeholders, encompassing creditors, the debtor being the insolvent company, and the court itself, repose profound trust in court officers’ ability to navigate the intricacies of insolvency proceedings. Meticulously documented fee statements act as tangible evidence of the court officer’s professionalism and dependability. This documentation instills stakeholders with the assurance that the court officer conducts their duties transparently and diligently, cultivating confidence in the overall process.

5. Efficient resolution of disputes

In situations where fee disputes or disagreements arise, the presence of thorough documentation becomes invaluable. Detailed records provide a foundation for resolving conflicts through negotiation or formal channels. They serve to facilitate discussions, clarify any misinterpretations, and reach mutually agreeable solutions. This expedites the resolution of disputes and upholds positive relationships between the court officer and stakeholders.

6. Adherence to reporting requirements

Court-supervised Canadian insolvency proceedings necessitate compliance with various reporting obligations, including financial disclosures. Meticulous documentation of fee statements ensures adherence to these reporting requirements. Accurate and well-documented fee statements streamline the preparation of essential reports, facilitate the maintenance of audit trails, and fulfill regulatory obligations. This enables court officers to fulfill their responsibilities effectively and ensures the smooth progression of proceedings.

7. Cultivation of professional reputation

Maintaining meticulous documentation of fee statements contributes to the cultivation of a court officer’s professional reputation. Accurate and organized records serve as a testament to the court officer’s unwavering commitment to professionalism and attention to detail. This meticulousness resonates positively within the legal and insolvency communities, potentially opening doors to future opportunities and referrals.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency

Advantages of timely and effective communication for court officers and stakeholders

Timely and effective communication plays a vital role in the court officers’ quest to maintain transparency and foster positive relationships with stakeholders. By giving due importance to clear and consistent communication concerning their actions, activities, and fees charged, court officers bring forth numerous benefits for themselves and the stakeholders involved. Let’s delve into these advantages in detail:

1. Improved comprehension and trust

Timely and effective communication empower court officers to articulate their actions and activities in a manner that stakeholders can readily grasp. By providing regular updates and reports, court officers ensure that stakeholders possess a comprehensive understanding of the progress and status of the proceedings. This level of transparency nurtures trust and instills confidence in the court officers’ capabilities, thereby fostering a productive and harmonious working relationship.

2. Heightened collaboration and cooperation

Maintaining open channels of communication enable court officers and stakeholders to exchange relevant information and actively engage in the proceedings. Effective communication facilitates seamless collaboration, leading to improved decision-making and problem-solving. This collaborative approach streamlines the legal process and paves the way for a more efficient resolution.

3. Timely resolution of issues

Timely communication empowers stakeholders to promptly address any concerns or issues that may arise. By promptly sharing information and seeking feedback, court officers can identify and resolve potential challenges or conflicts in a timely manner. This proactive approach minimizes disruptions, reduces delays, and ensures that the proceedings stay on track.

4. Transparent cost structure and budget management

Effective communication regarding fees charged equip stakeholders with a clear understanding of the costs involved in the legal process. Court officers can provide detailed explanations of the fees charged, including any additional expenses. This transparency empowers stakeholders to effectively manage their budgets, enabling them to anticipate and plan for the financial aspects of the proceedings.

5. Mitigation of misunderstandings and disputes

Clear and timely communication acts as a safeguard against misunderstandings and potential disputes. By providing comprehensive explanations of their actions and activities, court officers can address any questions or concerns that stakeholders may have. This proactive approach reduces the likelihood of conflicts and ensures a smoother legal process.

6. Stakeholder satisfaction and retention

When court officers prioritize effective communication, stakeholders feel valued and actively involved in the proceedings. Regular updates, timely responses, and clear explanations contribute to stakeholder satisfaction. Satisfied stakeholders are more likely to continue working with the court officers in the future and may even provide valuable referrals, thus enhancing the court officers’ reputation and expanding their professional network.

Timely and effective communication ensures that court officers adhere to legal and ethical standards. By providing regular updates and accurate information, court officers demonstrate their commitment to transparency and accountability. This adherence to standards upholds the integrity of the legal process and instills confidence among stakeholders.

Canadian insolvency: Conclusion

I hope you enjoyed this Canadian insolvency Brandon’s Blog on the issue of the taxation of a court officer’s fee and disbursements. Managing your personal or business financial affairs in today’s ever-challenging and changing business landscape is no small feat, but with the right plan in place, it’s possible to stay or get back on track.

Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing people, entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses that are in financial distress. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Are you worried about what your fiduciary obligations are and not sure if the decisions you are about to make are the correct ones to avoid personal liability? Those concerns are obviously on your mind.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team uses innovative and cutting-edge methodologies, to adeptly navigate you through the intricacies of your financial challenges, ensuring a resolution to your debt-related predicaments without resorting to the rigours of the bankruptcy process. We can get you debt relief now!

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a Trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

The Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. team understands that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

canadian insolvency
canadian insolvency
Categories
Brandon Blog Post

WHEN TO FILE BANKRUPTCY: OUR COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE ON WHEN IS THE RIGHT TIME TO FILE FOR BANKRUPTCY

When to file bankruptcy to get a fresh start

Definition of Bankruptcy

Are you feeling overwhelmed by unmanageable debt? Then bankruptcy might be the perfect solution
for you. Bankruptcy can be defined as a legal process that can help people and businesses get out of their financial binds.

Though the thought of filing for bankruptcy may be daunting, it can be the best option when you’re facing unexpected expenses or other emergency situations.

To make sure you’re making the right decision, it’s important to understand when to file bankruptcy and what you can expect. Bankruptcy allows a person to get back on top of their finances and start fresh. Weighing the pros and cons of filing for bankruptcy can be an alarming task, but it can ultimately be the best when your back is against the wall with debt. This Brandon’s Blog lets you find out when to file bankruptcy, what you should expect and what the bankruptcy alternatives are.

What is Bankruptcy and How Does it Work?

Bankruptcy in Canada is a liberating process for those who have found themselves under a burden of debt. The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA) provides debtors with a discharge from most debts, allowing them to have a fresh start in their financial lives. The process is designed to help those who cannot pay their bills as they come due, and have no way of paying back their debt load. By taking advantage of the bankruptcy discharge, individuals can find themselves free from the chains of debt and start anew. On the other hand, unlike a person, a company that files for bankruptcy will not survive in the long run, and thus, there is no discharge process for a company.

when to file bankruptcy
when to file bankruptcy

When to File Bankruptcy?

Don’t let debt take the life out of you! Bankruptcy law can give you the fresh start you need. Although not to be taken lightly, a bankruptcy filing can be an absolute lifesaver when the debt becomes too much to bear.

Filing for bankruptcy is no small decision and has the potential to drastically alter your financial future. It’s essential to be informed on when to file bankruptcy and the process involved to ensure that your credit and ability to access money in the future are not adversely affected.

Start the legal process off right by filing for bankruptcy with the help of a licensed insolvency trustee (formerly called a bankruptcy trustee) (LIT or Trustee). The LIT will submit all the documents at once and get the ball rolling.

When an individual has too much consumer debt and files for bankruptcy, the LIT takes possession of their property and assets (subject to provincial government exemptions). The Trustee is the appointed authority in charge of liquidating the assets and depositing the proceeds into a trust account that will eventually be distributed among the creditors in the priority laid out in the BIA.

It is crucial to understand when to file bankruptcy and the process involved to make informed decisions about one’s financial future.

When to file bankruptcy: Identifying signs of financial distress

Here are 5 common signs of financial distress:

  1. Consistent inability to pay billsConsistent inability to pay bills can be a difficult and stressful situation for individuals and companies. There are various options for managing late bill payments, however, missing bill payments can have negative financial impacts. It is important to be proactive in finding a solution, as missing bill payments may result in consequences such as eviction, cutting off of necessary supplies and financial penalties. Options for managing late bill payments vary, depending on the type of bill, such as rent or mortgages as opposed to suppliers of goods or services.
  2. Increased collection activity and legal threats – Balances in collections are the result of outstanding debts that have not been paid. The collection process and the behaviour of debt collection agencies and debt collectors are stressful. Provincial law dictates the rights of consumers when it comes to debt collection and debt collectors.The statute of limitations to collect a debt is also a matter of provincial jurisdiction. Debts are statute-barred after the period prescribed by the law for bringing legal action against the consumer to collect a debt. A debt is considered time-barred if the applicable statute of limitations has expired.
  3. Are you buried in debt and feeling overwhelmed? A hefty burden of financial obligations without a plan of attack can lead to a seemingly never-ending cycle of debt, with high-interest payments and a lack of hope. Alternatively, an overly ambitious plan can leave you feeling like freedom from debt is unattainable. The stress of debt can have a major toll on your mental health. It’s time to take control and devise a sensible debt repayment strategy to ultimately become debt-free and reduce the interest you pay.
  4. Tempted to use a credit card for all your needs? Be careful; it can be easy to go overboard and put yourself into financial hardship. When you use credit cards, you risk overspending, inflating your credit utilization ratio, and even opening yourself up to identity theft and credit card fraud. Don’t take the chance – think twice before swiping!
  5. Increasingly relying on personal loans from friends and family – The dangers of relying on loans from friends and family include broken promises or agreements. There may be confused assumptions about the loan, which can lead to misunderstandings.Additionally, not setting up clear and defined terms for repayment could lead to problematic personal relationships. A loan from friends and family could also provide tax problems depending on how it is set up and how interest payments, principal repayments and/or loan forgiveness are treated on tax returns, or not, as the case may be.

    when to file bankruptcy
    when to file bankruptcy

When to file bankruptcy: The process of filing for bankruptcy

The process of filing for bankruptcy in Canada is handled by a Trustee under the supervision of the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada (OSB) under the BIA. The time to complete the bankruptcy process for a 1st time bankrupt with no surplus income, where neither the Trustee nor any creditor opposes the individual bankrupt’s discharge is 9 months. If a first-time bankrupt gets a discharge at the 9-month point, then they have received an automatic discharge from the LIT. During bankruptcy, the creditors can no longer harass the bankrupt person or carry out legal proceedings or wage garnishments.

The LIT provides an information form for the person to complete, and uses that information to prepare and then file the bankruptcy paperwork. The LIT needs personal information (name, address, birth date), a list of creditors and a list of assets. The LIT then files the bankruptcy documents electronically with the OSB and then they will issue a Certificate confirming the acceptance of the bankruptcy filing. It is the day and time of the issuance of the OSB’s certificate that marks the beginning of the bankruptcy process.

When to file bankruptcy: What is the impact of filing for bankruptcy?

Once your bankruptcy is filed, there is an immediate stay of proceedings. This means that unsecured creditors cannot begin or continue lawsuits, wage garnishees, or even contact you to request payment. Within five days of the bankruptcy starting, the LIT will send a copy of the bankruptcy paperwork to creditors so they can file a claim.

Overview of the bankruptcy process

Can I keep my assets when I file for bankruptcy? In most cases, yes. However, the trustee may sell some assets to pay off your creditors. The assets you can keep will depend on your province’s exemptions. The Trustee’s job is to manage the sale of the bankrupt’s assets and place the proceeds into a trust, safeguarding them for the creditors. In other words, the Trustee is a guardian of funds, making sure everything is handled properly.

Are you worried that filing for bankruptcy will destroy your credit? Don’t fret – while bankruptcy will certainly leave its mark on your credit report, it’s far from a death sentence. Once your bankruptcy is approved, you can start taking steps toward restoring your financial health. A fresh start is waiting – be smart and make decisions that will get you back on the right track!

Wondering just how long you’ll be in bankruptcy? That all depends! If it’s your first-time bankruptcy filing with no surplus income, it should only last nine months. But if you’ve filed for bankruptcy more than once and don’t have surplus income, it will take 21 months. For those who have surplus income, this process will take longer.

2 financial counselling sessions. In a consumer restructuring or bankruptcy administration under the BIA, the debtor is required to go through two financial counselling sessions with the LIT. The reason is that one of the objectives of the BIA is financial rehabilitation. Financial education and teaching financial literacy tips are important parts of that rehabilitation.

Requirements for filing bankruptcy

To be eligible to file for bankruptcy in Canada, you must meet certain requirements. You must owe at least $1,000 in unsecured debt and be unable to pay your debts as they come due. You must also be insolvent, meaning you owe more than the value of the assets you own. Additionally, you must either reside, do business or have property in Canada. There are other acts of bankruptcy contained in the BIA, but the normal requirement is as I just described.

Role of Trustees in the bankruptcy process

The role of a LIT in Canada is to assist individuals or companies in the bankruptcy process as laid out by the BIA. They help to explain to the debtor the various options in dealing with their debt and provide advice on the best course of action. The Trustee also prepares the necessary paperwork, including reviewing the debt and completes the process from start to finish. One of the key responsibilities of the Trustee is to take possession of the property not exempt under provincial law, or subject to a trust or secured claim. The LIT then does this by selling the available assets and depositing the funds in trust for the creditors in the bankruptcy administration.

when to file bankruptcy
when to file bankruptcy

When to file bankruptcy: Alternatives to Bankruptcy

There are several alternative solutions that a LIT can recommend to a debtor in solving their debt problems. Bankruptcy is always the last resort and is to be avoided if at all possible. The main alternative solutions are:

Debt consolidation and debt management plans

In Canada, consolidation loans are available to assist individuals in reducing their high-cost debt payments. If you qualify for such a loan, it is an advantageous solution. These debts may include credit cards, payday loans, and unpaid tax obligations. By consolidating higher-interest-rate debts into one lower-interest-rate loan, it is possible to make affordable monthly payments and work toward eliminating debt.

If you’re in need of financial help, a Debt Management Plan (DMP) may be the answer. A DMP is an effective way to repay credit card debt, and with the help of a non-profit, no-cost credit counselling agency, you can get the support to make it work. The agency will assess your situation to ensure that a DMP is the best option for you. Put your debt worries to rest and take the first step towards a sound financial future with a DMP.

Both debt consolidation and debt management plans aim to help individuals in Canada manage their debt effectively.

Credit counselling and financial planning

Credit counselling and financial planning can help someone who has many debts. The services are provided by accredited credit counsellors working for non-profit credit counselling organizations. A credit counsellor will assess the financial situation of an individual and provide tips on dealing with debt. Financial planning and budgeting will be an important part of the process.

If the individual decides to sign up for a DMP, the counsellor will contact creditors on their behalf to request reducing or eliminating the interest rate or fees on their debts. In some cases, the creditors may agree to these requests.

Debt settlement, restructuring and negotiation with creditors

Debt restructuring, also known as debt negotiation, is the process of negotiating the terms and conditions of debt repayment with creditors. This process can be carried out by the consumer or company themselves seeking alternative repayment options. The goal is to reach a mutually agreed-upon arrangement that is more manageable for the consumer or company to repay their debt. It can involve the forgiveness of interest, stopping the interest clock and even the forgiveness of principal. If the company or consumer handles the discussions themselves, or with the help of their accountant, it is called an informal restructuring.

When a consumer or company restructures their debt with the help of a LIT under the BIA, they would file either a consumer proposal or a Division I proposal restructuring. A large company could also restructure under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act.

When to file bankruptcy: Conclusion

Personal bankruptcy or corporate bankruptcy, and when to file bankruptcy, is a big decision, but it can be the right one when you’re overwhelmed with debt. You can make an informed decision by understanding the basics of bankruptcy, including when to file and what to expect. If you’re struggling with debt and considering bankruptcy, it’s important to speak with a professional who can help you assess your options. Bankruptcy can be a fresh start for your financial future, but it’s important to understand the consequences and work with a professional to determine if it’s the right choice for you.

I hope you enjoyed this when to file bankruptcy Brandon’s Blog.

Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Those concerns are obviously on your mind. Coming out of the pandemic, we are now worried about its economic effects of inflation and a potential recession.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team makes use of new contemporary ways to get you out of your debt problems while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief now.

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

We understand that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

when to file bankruptcy
when to file bankruptcy
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Brandon Blog Post

THE COMPLETE CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY IN CANADA GUIDE: WHAT EVERY BUSINESS OWNER NEEDS TO KNOW

Corporate bankruptcy in Canada: Introduction

Are you a business owner with company financial difficulties and apprehensive about the possibility of corporate bankruptcy and is it something that you will have to seriously consider? Corporate bankruptcy in Canada process can be complex and overwhelming, but understanding it is necessary for making authoritative decisions about your business.

In this Brandon’s Blog, I will analyze the ins and outs of corporate bankruptcy in Canada, including the different types, the steps in filing for corporate bankruptcy, the impact on creditors and shareholders, and alternatives to consider. By the end of this Brandon’s Blog, you will have a better understanding of corporate bankruptcy in Canada and be able to understand how to make the best decision for your business.

Explanation of what corporate bankruptcy in Canada is

The corporate bankruptcy process in Canada – otherwise known as commercial bankruptcy or incorporate business bankruptcy – is a legal means by which an incorporated business that is unable to pay its debts can be liquidated, and its liabilities discharged. This process allows the business to liquidate its assets and redistribute the value among its creditors. The process is intended to give an honest, but unfortunate corporate debtor a discharge from most debts while ending the business of that corporation.

It is important to note that corporate bankruptcy is different from personal bankruptcy which is a legal process through which an insolvent individual can substantially reduce debt and hopefully restructure. Unlike an individual who files for personal bankruptcy, it is not intended that the bankrupt corporation will come out of bankruptcy through a discharge process.

If single individuals are operating businesses and are considering business bankruptcy, then we are talking about the bankruptcies of sole proprietorships. If more than one person is operating a business partnership, then we need to think of the issues in a partnership bankruptcy. Either way, we have insolvent persons, which means personal bankruptcy, which is not the subject of this Brandon’s Blog.

It’s important to note that the process of corporate bankruptcy in Canada is complex and can only be handled by a licensed insolvency trustee. The Trustee will help you understand the process and the options available to your corporation and then prepare the documents required to submit the bankruptcy filing.

In Canada, if a corporation is bankrupt, it is subject to both the federal Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (“BIA”) and relevant provincial regulations. The BIA outlines the procedure for managing a corporate bankruptcy, while provincial law governs other aspects of the business such as labour laws.

business bankruptcy in canada
corporate bankruptcy in canada

A brief overview of how the process of corporate bankruptcy in Canada begins

Navigating corporate bankruptcy in Canada can be complicated, as there are numerous steps that need to be taken. To begin, it is important to consult with a licensed insolvency trustee to review the financial details of the company, including income, profits, liabilities, and any personal guarantees. From there, the next step is to determine the misogynist options.

The board of directors needs to hold a meeting, in order to pass a resolution permitting the corporation to file for bankruptcy. This process is initiated by a director, or the single director, who will then execute the necessary bankruptcy paperwork.

Types of corporate bankruptcy in Canada

There are two types of corporate bankruptcy in Canada: liquidations and reorganizations. Although a reorganization is not an actual bankruptcy, the phrase “bankruptcy protection” is used to describe a formal reorganization. So for the purposes of this Brandon’s Blog, we will consider both as types of bamkruptcy.

The type of corporate bankruptcy in Canada proceedings can often provide a good indication as to whether the unsecured creditors will get all, a portion, or none of what they are owed.

business bankruptcy in canada
corporate bankruptcy in canada

An overview of the 2 types of bankruptcy proceedings available to Canadian businesses

Liquidation

The process of corporate bankruptcy involves a business ceasing operations as it is unable to fulfill its financial obligations and the demand for its goods and services has become obsolete. This form of corporate bankruptcy is commonly referred to as liquidation.

Canadian bankruptcy proceedings must adhere to Canadian bankruptcy law under the BIA. This law contains similar liquidations to Chapter 7 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Commencing the process of bankruptcy liquidation in Canada is the initial step.

It all starts with the board of directors of the corporation getting together and deciding to file for bankruptcy. One of the directors, or a single director, will then have to sign the official documents for the bankruptcy process.

Once the liquidation process has been initiated, the corporation’s assets, subject to the rights of any creditor having security over all or some of the assets, are taken over by the Trustee. The Trustee will sell the corporate assets and the proceeds will be distributed among the creditors according to the priority established by law. The corporation will then be laid to rest, as it will no longer operate as a legal entity.

Reorganization

Corporate reorganization is one of the alternatives to bankruptcy. It is a process in which a process for a company that is facing financial difficulties is able to restructure its outstanding debt and its operations in order to improve its financial situation. In Canada, the primary statutes for corporate reorganization are the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA) and the BIA. These laws are similar reorganizations under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.

The CCAA provides a thoroughfare of debt reorganization for corporations on a larger scale, as the amount owed by the company must exceed $5 million. Through this federal legislation, the debtor corporation can still operate while reaching an approved plan of arrangement with its creditors.

For corporations that do not reach this $5 million threshold, the Division I Proposal under the BIA can be utilized. The BIA provides for the restructuring of insolvent corporations and individuals.

The CCAA is a federal statute that allows for the sale of an insolvent business, with a reach that transcends the wideness of the whole Canadian nation and even extends beyond its borders.

The process of corporate reorganization under either the CCAA or BIA begins with the corporation filing for protection under the appropriate Act. In the case of the CCAA, the filing is with the court. Under the BIA, the filing is with the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada.

The debtor will then be safeguarded with all its possessions. Then, the corporation will be allotted a specified value of time – typically 30 to 45 days – to present a plan of arrangement. This plan must be approved by the creditors and the court in order to move forward. When the plan of arrangement is given the thumbs up, it can be set into motion.

So corporate reorganization in Canada is a process in which a company that is viable but is facing financial difficulties is allowed to restructure its business debts and operations in order to modernize its financial situation. The CCAA is mainly used for larger corporations and the BIA for smaller ones. Both legislations provide a process to restructure a company while under the protection of the court and it’s intended to be a way to save a company while protecting the rights of the creditors.

Advantages and disadvantages of corporate bankruptcy in Canada

Liquidation

Advantages of corporate liquidation using corporate bankruptcy in Canada:

  • Allows an incorporated entity that is unable to pay its debts to file for bankruptcy, as per the BIA.
  • Allows for the liquidation of resources and redistribution of that value among creditors, which can provide relief for the corporation and its creditors.

Disadvantages to bankruptcy and corporate liquidation using corporate bankruptcy in Canada:

  • The Canada Business Corporations Act (CBCA) prevents a company in bankruptcy from seeking dissolution under the CBCA.
  • Unfortunately, specific liabilities or obligations of the corporation are passed to its directors. This would put personal assets at risk.
  • The process is time-consuming and may also be expensive.
  • Unfortunately, the director’s reputation may moreover be tarnished in the process.

Reorganization

Advantages of reorganization under corporate bankruptcy in Canada:

  • Can uplift profits and increase efficiency.
  • Can extend the life of the business.
  • Can modernize strategy and financial arrangements.
  • Could be done informally without a court process by agreement between the debtor and its creditors or formally under either a proposal as outlined in part III of the BIA or a plan of arrangement under the CCAA.

Disadvantages of reorganization under corporate bankruptcy in Canada:

  • It may not work.
  • Decreased employee morale and concern among customers.
  • Can be a significant time investment with potential setbacks in cash flow
  • If the financial matters are so dire that a reorganization is not viable, the remaining option is full bankruptcy, which results in the liquidation of resources to pay creditors.

    business bankruptcy in canada
    corporate bankruptcy in canada

Filing a voluntary assignment into bankruptcy for corporate bankruptcy in Canada

Overview of steps involved in filing for Corporate Bankruptcy in Canada

  • Finding a Licensed Insolvency Trustee (formerly called a trustee in bankruptcy) (LIT) and retaining the LIT to make an informed decision about proceeding with bankruptcy.
  • One of the directors (or sole director) will be required to execute corporate bankruptcy papers
    Upon bankruptcy assignment, the LIT will notify business creditors of the bankruptcy proceeding.
  • Hold a meeting of creditors.
  • Conduct a sale of assets.
  • Carry out its other duties in accordance with the BIA.

Note: The above steps are a general outline and the specific process may vary depending on the case. It’s advisable to seek guidance from a licensed insolvency trustee and a legal professional to ensure compliance with the laws and regulations.

Essential paperwork and information

In order to file a voluntary assignment for corporate bankruptcy in Canada, and get to the point of holding the First Meeting of Creditors, the following documentation and information are typically required:

  1. Provide the LIT with the corporate minute book, seal and accounting records.
  2. Fully signed minutes of a validly held meeting of directors resolving that the corporation file an assignment in bankruptcy and appointing either a director or senior management person to be the Designated Officer to sign all bankruptcy documents and attend the First Meeting of Creditors.
  3. A completed Voluntary Assignment of the corporate debtor, prepared by the LIT and signed by the Designated Officer.
  4. The LIT prepared statement of affairs, reviewed, approved and sworn/confirmed by the Designated Officer, which includes information about the debtor’s assets and the names and addresses of all known creditors and the amounts owing to each of them.
  5. The LIT will take the necessary steps to lodge the paperwork with the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy, who in turn will give the Certificate of Bankruptcy – marking the very beginning of bankruptcy proceedings in Canada. The moment the Certificate is issued will be the exact time the corporate bankruptcy in Canada is activated.
  6. The LIT then prepares the statutory notice to creditors which is mailed to all known creditors with a notice of the time and place of the First Meeting of Creditors will be held and also includes a proof of claim form for the creditors to complete fully and file with the LIT.
  7. The LIT will also prepare the bankruptcy notice to be placed in a local newspaper to advertise for creditors to contact the Trustee.
  8. The LIT prepares its Report on Preliminary Administration to provide necessary information to the creditors about the causes of the corporate bankruptcy in Canada, the available assets to be sold, if any and other important information. The LIT’s report is distributed at the First Meeting of Creditors.

In a voluntary assignment, the LIT is picked by the debtor. In an involuntary assignment, the LIt is suggested to and chosen by the court. In issuing the Certificate, the LIT choice is confirmed by the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy. However, it is ultimately up to the creditors attending and voting at the First Meeting of Creditors to either confirm the appointment of the LIT or substitute the LIT with another one (don’t worry about the mechanics for now!). The LIT will be responsible for overseeing the administration of the debtor’s estate and distributing the proceeds to creditors.

It’s important to note that the above list is not exhaustive and additional documentation and information may be required by the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy(OSB) or the appointed Trustee. It’s recommended to seek professional advice from a LIT, a lawyer or both, before filing for a voluntary assignment in bankruptcy.

The OSB plays an important part in the area of insolvency

The OSB is tasked with keeping orderly standards for the supervisory oversight of stakeholders within the insolvency process, creating an accessible archive of public records, compiling and analyzing data, and enforcing the BIA and CCAA regulations. Furthermore, the OSB is devoted to facilitating an effective and efficient insolvency framework in Canada.

The OSB in Canada is responsible for the supervision and regulation of the Canadian insolvency system, and overseeing the administration of all insolvency proceedings described as bankruptcies, commercial reorganizations, Division I commercial proposals, consumer proposals and receiverships.

The effects of corporate bankruptcy in Canada on creditors and stockholders

How corporate bankruptcy affects the distribution of assets among creditors

Divvying up resources among those owed money in a corporate bankruptcy in Canada can be quite intricate and can be affected by various elements, such as the kind of bankruptcy declared and the company’s ownership and organizational setup.

When a company files for bankruptcy, its day-to-day operations will typically come to a halt. All of the corporation’s assets will be sold off and the proceeds will be divided among its creditors. In Canada, this process can have a major impact on how the assets are divided up among those who are owed money.

The BIA requires the LIT to take control of all the unencumbered assets, sell them and assigns orders of importance to the many claims against the debtor. The net sale proceeds are then doled out to creditors depending on the priority of the claims.

In a nutshell, the types of creditors and the order of priority is:

  • Trust claims, including unremitted employee payroll withholdings.
  • Secured lenders.
  • Preference is given to certain kinds of unsecured debt.
  • Ordinary unsecured creditors are last.

In Canada, though the assets of a company are distinct from the owners’ individual wealth, banks will always take security on the company’s assets when loaning funds and anticipate the entrepreneur to provide some kind of collateral. It bears mentioning that this is a standard requirement.

Should the proceeds of the company assets fail to cover the bank debt in the event of a Canadian bankruptcy, the owners will be called upon to make good on their personal liability and may be faced with the liquidation of some or all of their personal belongings to make up the difference.

What sort of ramifications does corporate bankruptcy in Canada have on the equity holders and their privileges?

Generally, when it comes to bankruptcy proceedings, it’s usually shareholders who are left holding the shorter end of the stick. Most often, they don’t get anything back after all other creditors have been taken care of– leaving them with nothing but the realization that their investments have gone down the drain. Furthermore, they forfeit any rights they once held with the company.

If any of the shareholders are also in a director position, then they will have the added worry about whether there are any debts that are also a director liability. Legal advice is always required by directors of an insolvent company. In next week’s Bradon’s Blog, I will talk about recent developents arising from an Ontario court decision about the directing mind of a bankrupt corporation.

The one small solace they may have is that Canada Revenue Agency will acknowledge the corporate bankruptcy in Canada as a legitimate means of allowing shareholders to deduct the value of their shares as a loss on their tax return.

business bankruptcy in canada
corporate bankruptcy in canada

Alternatives to Corporate Bankruptcy in Canada

For a business that is viable yet unable to pay off its debts, there are 5 alternatives to corporate bankruptcy in Canada that must be explored:

  1. Implement tighter controls over spending and create a cash-flow budget to see if costs can be cut or eliminated, freeing up funds to pay off debts.
  2. Refinance existing debt in order to consolidate it into more manageable payments.
  3. The shareholders provide a fresh injection of funds.
  4. Informal out-of-court debt settlement through direct negotiation with creditors.
  5. Selling redundant or no longer-needed assets to raise cash for debt repayment.

Rather than going through the effort of reorganizing debt under the CCAA or BIA, a corporate workout is an amicable arrangement between the company and its creditors that allows them to come to a mutually-satisfactory resolution without resorting to legal proceedings and a reorganization court case. This is seen as an advantageous alternative to a formal filing.

If all other solutions fail to prevent a company in Canada from going bankrupt, then the CCAA or BIA’s restructuring provisions should be carefully considered to potentially save the company, its jobs and business assets.

If the company is not viable or profitable and is in a state of financial distress, then a secured lender can exercise their rights through a receivership process. This could be used in conjunction with a corporate bankruptcy in Canada if the situation calls for that.
The reasons why bankruptcy and receivership may be needed to work in tandem are complex and are best left as a topic for another day.

Corporate bankruptcy in Canada: Conclusion

I hope you enjoyed this corporate bankruptcy in Canada Brandon’s Blog.

Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Those concerns are obviously on your mind. Coming out of the pandemic, we are now worried about its economic effects of inflation and a potential recession.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team makes use of new contemporary ways to get you out of your debt problems while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief now.

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

We understand that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

corporate bankruptcy in canada
business bankruptcy in canada

 

Categories
Brandon Blog Post

CONSUMER DEBT PROPOSALS: UNLEASH THE MANY PROFOUND BENEFITS OF ELIMINATING DEBT

consumer debt proposals

Consumer debt proposals eliminate your debt stress

Are you stressed out and overwhelmed by debt and don’t know how to begin to eliminate it? We know your pain and can help you because this Brandon’s Blog “Consumer Debt Proposals: The Ultimate Solution for Managing Debt” has got you covered! I provide realistic advice on how to manage and even get rid of debt through a binding debt settlement agreement.

I describe what consumer debt proposals are all about and also look at other debt-relief options like debt consolidation and credit counselling. I will also talk about the recent Canadian government’s warning about taking on high-interest debt from certain companies.

Consumer debt proposals: How Does a Consumer Proposal Work?

If you’re in a tough spot financially, in Canada you can submit a consumer proposal if you owe $250,000 or less (not including any debt registered against your home is one of the types of secured debts that must be paid according to your secured loan repayment terms). It’s an official way to get some debt relief, and it’s all legit according to the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act. Basically, you work with a Licensed Insolvency Trustee who helps you come up with a plan for paying off what you owe. Then you negotiate with your creditors and hopefully, they accept the proposal.

Making a consumer proposal that unsecured creditors will accept is one of the debt solution alternatives to bankruptcy that requires a few steps to get it done:

  • Reach out to a qualified Licensed Insolvency Trustee and book a no-cost debt assessment consultation.
  • During the appointment, answer any questions the Trustee may have truthfully and to the best of your ability.
  • The Trustee will work with you to come up with a payment plan that fits into your budget and allows you to pay off your debt.

Once you’ve submitted your consumer proposal, your creditors will look it over and then decide if they want to accept it as is or negotiate an adjustment (higher) to your periodic payments to eliminate the amount you owe. They have the option to do either one.

Your creditors can decide to:

  1. Agree to the terms you have proposed (cast their vote in favour).
  2. Decline the terms (vote no).
  3. Decline the terms and suggest a meeting with creditors.
  4. Take no action (which is the same as voting yes).

Your consumer proposal is automatically approved unless more than 25% of the dollar value of the claims of your creditors indicates that they would like to have a meeting of creditors. In that case, that is what will happen.

Once you’ve taken the step of filing for a consumer proposal, you’ll be able to rest easy knowing that you have immediate legal protection from creditors and debt collectors through this financial and legal process. This is called a stay of proceedings where your creditors cannot chase you for the money you owe.

Filing under the bankruptcy process in Canada isn’t your only option! You can work out a legally binding agreement with your creditors through the popular alternative and powerful alternative of consumer debt proposals. With a consumer proposal, you and your creditors can come to an agreement on what portion of the debt you can pay off- and the rest will be written off!

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

Consumer debt proposals: The voting process

When it comes to a consumer proposal, it’s important to understand the process of how creditors come to a decision to accept or reject the plan. This section will provide insight into how the voting process works.

Once a consumer proposal is submitted, creditors are allowed 45 days to express their decision. They can either accept the proposal or reject it in one of the following ways: replying to the Licensed Insolvency Trustee with their acceptance, not responding at all (which is seen as approval), communicating their rejection or requesting a meeting of creditors.

At the creditors’ meeting, creditors will have the opportunity to decide whether to accept the consumer proposal as is or to make adjustments to it.

Consumer debt proposals: What happens if your offer is approved?

If your proposal gets the green light, you’ll need to abide by what you promised – whether that’s a single payment or regular installments to the Licensed Insolvency Trustee. Plus, you must meet any other conditions that were laid out in the proposal.

In a successful proposal, you can keep your assets (as long as you keep paying what you owe to creditors who have a lien on your assets), and go to the two financial counselling sessions held by the Licensed Bankruptcy Trustee. Of course, you’ve got to pay the Licensed Bankruptcy Trustee on time over the entire period of time your proposal is for.

Failure to do so could result in the revocation of the proposal, the accrual of interest and fees, and even legal action. It’s important to remember that while a consumer proposal can provide much-needed relief, it’s ultimately up to you to stay current with the payments you promised to make.

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

Consumer debt proposals: What happens should your consumer proposal be declined?

If 50% or more of the creditors vote to reject the consumer proposal, then the Licensed Insolvency Trustee must issue a notice and the consumer proposal dies. In this situation, creditors are free again to pursue collection actions against the debtor.

If 25% or more of the creditors request a meeting, that meeting is referred to as the Meeting of Creditors. At this meeting, an agreement will try to be reached by a majority of the creditors. If the agreement can not be reached, the debtor may need to amend the proposal and resubmit it or look for other ways to solve their financial issues.

If a consumer proposal is declined, it means that the creditors do not agree with the terms of the proposal put forth by the debtor. The main reasons for rejection may be that the debtor is not offering enough money or has proposed an unsuitable repayment schedule.

It is important to note that if you fail to fulfill the requirements of your consumer proposal, it will be deemed null and void. However, it does not free you from your existing debt, and the failure to adequately repay your loans or pay off debts within the terms of the agreement could affect your credit score. Collectors for debts are within their right to renew collection calls and seek legal action for retrieving the debts that they owe. They can sue you and if they get a judgment, they can then get a wage garnishment against you. It is never recommended to default on a consumer proposal.

Consumer debt proposals: If you fulfill the requirements of your consumer proposal

If you fulfill the requirements of your consumer proposal, you will have successfully completed the agreement between yourself and your creditors. This means that you will have made the agreed-upon payments and met all other terms of the proposal. The balance of your unsecured debts that you did not pay off is also eliminated if you fulfill the requirements of your consumer proposal.

One of the benefits of fulfilling a consumer proposal is that you will have lower regular payments monthly, which are based on what you can afford, rather than high monthly payments regardless of your income. Additionally, you will have protection from creditors, as they will not be able to contact you or take money directly from your wages.

After fulfilling a consumer proposal, it will come off your credit report maintained by the Canadian credit bureaus three years after the completion. This report will show that the consumer proposal has been successfully completed and you can rebuild your credit rating and credit score simultaneously.

You will also receive from the Licensed Insolvency Trustee (LIT) acting as the Administrator in your consumer proposal a “Notice of Successful Completion of Consumer Proposal”. This is a very important document, as you will be able to provide it to current or future credit grantors to prove that you successfully completed your consumer proposal and avoided personal bankruptcy.

It is important to note that if you fail to fulfill the requirements of your consumer proposal, it will be deemed null and void. However, it does not free you from your existing debt, and the failure to adequately repay your personal loans, lines of credit or pay off debts within the terms of the agreement could negatively affect your credit score. Creditors are within their right to use collection activity and use legal action for retrieving the debts that you owe. It is never recommended to default on a consumer proposal.

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

Advice for Consumers: Considerations for Debt Relief and Credit Repair Services

Improving your credit score or credit rating will take time, and requires showing creditors that your habits have improved and that you are paying back your debt on time. Be cautious when seeking help to pay off debt or repair your credit, as some companies may offer misleading solutions. I have been warning about the dangers of such “for-profit” debt settlement companies for years now.

One option for getting help with debt is a debt management plan, which is an informal proposal made by a non-profit community credit counselling agency credit counsellor to your creditors on your behalf. This plan consolidates your debts into one affordable monthly payment and in some cases, you may not have to continue to pay interest on your debt.

However, consumers should be aware that the “for-profit” debt settlement companies may charge high fees, including upfront or advance fees, and may not be able to get creditors to reduce your debt. Additionally, it is important to note that even while using a debt management plan, you are still required to keep making payments on any other debts you owe, which may result in no change to your credit score.

Overall, it is important to be cautious when seeking help to pay off debt or repair your credit and to thoroughly research any company or solution before proceeding. It is also important to consider the potential consequences, fees and overall effectiveness of the solution. A LIT during an initial no-cost consultation will provide many of the services that a “for-profit” debt management company charges for.

Consumer debt proposals: Organizations or firms cannot guarantee the resolution of your financial obligations

Be aware of companies or agencies that claim they can quickly resolve your debt problems by negotiating a deal with the companies you owe money to and letting you only pay back a fraction of your debt. These promises may not be reliable, so it’s best to be wary.

It’s important to remember that if certain creditors don’t agree to your payment plan, you may need to work out a different agreement with them directly. Alternatively, you can consult a LIT about doing a consumer proposal.

It’s also worth keeping in mind that anyone can call themselves a debt consultant, but that doesn’t mean they have the proper training or they’ll be able to help you with your finances.

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

Consumer debt proposals: No company or agency can give you a fast and easy boost to your credit rating

No Canadian debt consultant, company, or agency can promise a fast solution to your credit score. Improving your credit rating takes time and commitment; you have to show a history of paying your debts punctually.

If you’re looking to boost your credit score, one option to consider is a non-profit credit counselling agency. A credit counsellor can offer a variety of services like one-on-one advice, group sessions, and tips on how to better manage your debt. Just keep in mind that simply talking to a credit counsellor won’t do the trick.

If you’re looking to give your credit score a boost, try paying off some of what you owe. Bringing down your debt-to-credit ratio to under 75% of your credit limit will help. You could also ask your credit card companies or financial institution lenders to raise your credit limit and perhaps even amend your terms of repayment (though the latter will be very difficult) – that’ll help increase your credit score. Ideally, try to use less than a third of your available credit and keep it low, ideally below 30%.

Remember, there’s no shortcut when it comes to improving your credit score. Anyone promising you the fast and easy way is not looking out for your best interests. It takes determination and effort to get your credit back on track. Do your research and make sure you understand any associated fees or consequences before you commit.

Consumer debt proposals: Paying off a consumer proposal early

Sure, you can settle your consumer proposal early, but that might not be the best choice for everyone.

If you’ve got the funds, paying off your consumer proposal earlier could help kickstart your credit repair – but don’t expect it to save you money or guarantee a good credit rating. So think carefully before you commit to paying it off early. In the following section, I describe a very troublesome issue which has now attracted the attention of the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada (OSB).

Paying off your consumer proposal early will do wonders for your mental health – and it’s perfectly acceptable! It’s no secret that financial hardship is incredibly stressful, and five years seems like a lifetime. So treating yourself to an early payoff will help you feel a huge weight being lifted off your shoulders.

If you want to shorten how long your consumer proposal lasts, you can change how often you make your proposal payments. Usually, they’re monthly, but if you switch to making extra payments by paying bi-weekly, you can pay off your proposal faster. Once you’re done paying off your consumer proposal, the unsecured debts you’ve been worrying about will be marked as taken care of on your credit report.

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

Consumer debt proposals: LITs cannot talk you into getting a loan with a high-interest rate to pay off your consumer proposal early

On January 11, 2023, the OSB issued its position paper titled “LITs Promoting and Facilitating Loans to Debtors“. The problem is that some lenders are offering high-interest loans to people who are about to or are going through a consumer proposal. It looks like they’re giving loans to help people pay off their consumer proposals early, but it’s really just taking advantage of people’s tough financial situations.

The OSB has noticed that some LITs are promoting and encouraging people to take out loans without mentioning the potential drawbacks. They do this by talking up the positives and downplaying the negatives, and they may even pressure people into taking out a loan.

The OSB has come to the conclusion that it’s not in line with the Code of Ethics for Trustees or a LIT’s duties under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act and General Rules for LITs to promote or facilitate such loans. Furthermore, such actions are not allowed.

There is also evidence that LITs who receive engagements directly from “for-profit” debt consultants, may be entering into inappropriate arrangements with them. No trustees should ever accept a commission, payment, or any other type of reward from a third party for recommending work concerning a professional engagement, nor should they give out any commission, compensation, or another type of benefit to a third party for obtaining a professional engagement.

For the record, my Firm does not have any arrangements with any party regarding the referral of files and we neither accept nor pay a referral fee

Paying off your consumer proposal early isn’t really an issue. In fact, it can be great if you can afford it thanks to a financial windfall or change in circumstances. Everybody benefits in that scenario. But if you don’t have the means to pay off your consumer proposal quickly, don’t worry. Don’t take out an interest-bearing loan to pay off a consumer proposal. The consumer proposal itself should be considered an interest-free loan.

Look, if a debtor is trying to rebuild their credit with a loan after insolvency, there’s nothing wrong with that. They’re making the choice themselves, so it’s all good. In this case, LITs should explain the pros and cons of these loan products to the debtor. And, it’s important that they don’t push any company or product in particular.

The OSB believes that LITs should not be promoting or facilitating loans since it contravenes the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act and its Rules. This practice has a negative impact on the LIT profession and the insolvency system. The OSB will be keeping an eye on this issue and taking appropriate action.

You Have Outstanding Financial Obligations — Consumer Debt Proposals

I hope you enjoyed our consumer debt proposals Brandon’s Blog.

There are many financial blogs. Ours focuses mainly on issues of importance to those individuals and businesses with financial challenges or worse, financial hardship, caused by debt problems. Income and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing Canadians, be they employees, entrepreneurs or companies and businesses with debt problems. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Those concerns are obviously on your mind. Coming out of the pandemic, we are now worried about its economic effects of inflation and a potential recession.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team makes use of new contemporary ways to get you out of your debt problems while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief now.

We have helped many entrepreneurs and their insolvent companies who thought that consulting with a trustee and receiver meant their company would go bankrupt. On the contrary. We helped turn their companies around through financial restructuring.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you.

We understand that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

consumer debt proposals
consumer debt proposals

 

 

 

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PROS AND CONS OF BANKRUPTCIES CANADA: A HEALTHY FRESH START OR THE LAST RESORT?

Evaluating the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada: Introduction

When you are in debt, it can feel like you are stuck in quicksand – the more you struggle, the deeper you sink. If you are considering bankruptcy, you are not alone. According to the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (OSB), almost 100,000 Canadians filed either a consumer proposal or for bankruptcy in 2021. The numbers for 2022 are rising above the 2021 level.

Before you make a decision, it is crucial to weigh the pros and cons of filing for bankruptcy in Canada. On the positive side, bankruptcy can give you a fresh start. It can discharge your debts and give you a chance to rebuild your finances. On the negative side, bankruptcy can damage your credit score more than one of the bankruptcy alternatives.

If you are struggling with debt, there are other options to consider before bankruptcy. You may be able to negotiate with your creditors and set up a payment plan. You can also improve your financial situation by cutting expenses and increasing your income. If you decide that you do need an insolvency process, a consumer proposal or a Division I Proposal may be better for you.

In this Brandon’s Blog post, I wish to aid you in gaining a better understanding of the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada. Then you can make a much more educated choice about your financial debt issues.

What are the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada?

When it comes to making the decision to file for bankruptcy, it is important to understand all of the implications that this will have on your life. In Canada, bankruptcy is a legal process that allows individuals to discharge all of their debts if they are unable to repay them. This process is overseen by the OSB, and there are certain requirements that must be met in order to be eligible for bankruptcy.

While bankruptcy can provide relief from debt, it is not without its drawbacks. Once you have been declared bankrupt, your credit rating will be significantly damaged, which can make it difficult to obtain new lines of credit in the future. Additionally, your assets may be seized in order to repay your creditors.

Before making the decision to file for bankruptcy, it is important to weigh the pros and cons carefully. Speak with a financial professional to get advice that is specific to your situation. Now for a more detailed discussion on the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada.

pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
pros and cons of bankruptcies canada

The pros of bankruptcies Canada

A fresh start

If you’re sick of being in debt, bankruptcy might be a good option for you. It can be a fresh start, and it’ll get creditors off your back. You can move on with your life without all that stress.

Rebuild your credit

As stated above, bankruptcy will cause some damage to your credit. However, it can stop the continuous damage you may be facing now. You can begin rebuilding your credit rating, rather than having to face extra charges from missed payments as well as receiving those pesky telephone calls from bill collectors.

Get rid of most if not all of your debts

In most cases, all of your obligations will be cleared by your bankruptcy discharge. Normally cleared debts are your unsecured debts like credit card debt, lines of credit, personal loans, payday loans, and income tax debts. A bankruptcy filing will let you not worry about a ton of bills but will force you to focus on balancing your budget.

There are some obligations that bankruptcy cannot clear, like child or spousal support payments, or payments for fines or penalties awarded by a court. You can get your student loans discharged too as long as you’ve been out of school for 7 years or even more.

Stop debt collectors cold

Creditors and their debt collectors making their collection calls can be pretty aggressive when they’re trying to get paid. Bill collectors demand and try to scare you as to what will happen if you do not pay up. Answering your phone or checking your VM becomes terrifying. You might also have a ton of mail from them stacking up in your mailbox, inbox, and so on.

If you’re losing the battle of staying up to date with your bill payments, personal bankruptcy might be a good option for you. Declaring bankruptcy stops all collection efforts, including calls as well as letters from your creditors. This is called the “automatic stay of proceedings”. When you’ve filed an assignment in bankruptcy, the automatic stay goes on and offers you some breathing space.

Get rid of any wage garnishment

If you file for bankruptcy, you don’t need to worry about wage garnishment or legal action anymore. The stay of proceedings also prevents any further attempts at collection, including wage garnishment. Creditors and collectors also won’t be able to take you to court.

Bankruptcy is not forever

So, if you’re thinking about filing for the bankruptcy process, know that it usually takes about nine months to go through the process for a first-time bankrupt who does not have any surplus income payments to make to your Trustee. And, if the Licensed Insolvency Trustee handling your case finds that you have surplus income, you won’t be able to get a discharge for 21 months.

If this is your second bankruptcy, it will take longer. If you don’t have surplus income payments to make, it will take 24 months. If you do need to make surplus income payments, it will take 36 months.

These are the pros when considering the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada. Now for the cons!

pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
pros and cons of bankruptcies canada

The cons of bankruptcy

There are many cons of filing bankruptcy, including:

Your credit rating

If you file for bankruptcy, it’ll rank you as an R9 on your credit report, which is pretty bad news for your credit score. The damages to your credit rating will not last forever. Your very first personal bankruptcy will be noted on your credit record for 6 years after the day of your bankruptcy discharge. A second bankruptcy will certainly harm your credit score for a lot longer.

At the outset of your bankruptcy journey, you cannot see the light at the end of the tunnel. At least you now have a roadmap to restoring your credit and have a date when your credit will be cleared of any damage. You can start to rebuild your credit even before you are discharged from bankruptcy.

Your assets may be liquidated

This doesn’t mean that you’ll lose everything. Your personal belongings – like clothes, household items, work tools, and even a car under a certain value – usually can’t be taken away from you in bankruptcy. This means that the proceeds from the sale of your other non-exempt assets will be used to repay your creditors.

RRSP contributions in the past 12 months are not exempt

Your retirement savings are protected, but any contributions you made in the past 12 months to your RRSP are not exempt.

Surplus income and the cost of bankruptcy

If you’re making more money than the surplus income threshold, you’ll also have to make surplus income payments to your Licensed Insolvency Trustee. If you don’t have any assets and don’t have to pay the surplus income requirement, you or a relative will have to pay your Trustee’s fee.

Complete financial disclosure

You will need to make full financial disclosure to your Trustee. Your Licensed Insolvency Trustee will use that information to help you complete a Statement of Affairs. This disclosure details your financial position and will even potentially highlight certain financial transactions. Essentially your Trustee and the court will know everything about your finances and your creditors will get a peek too.

When you’re going through bankruptcy, you’ll need to hand over your tax docs and pay stubs to show how much you’re earning. This is how the Trustee decides if you’ve gone over the surplus income threshold.

A lasting record

Once you file for bankruptcy, the paperwork will become part of the public record in Canada. To start your bankruptcy, your Licensed Insolvency Trustee files your bankruptcy documents with the OSB. It then becomes part of the public record.

Most people who file for bankruptcy will only have their Trustee, the OSB, the court, their creditors and the two Canadian credit bureaus know about it.

pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
pros and cons of bankruptcies canada

Bankruptcy alternatives from pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada

Now that you understand the pros and cons of Canadian bankruptcies, you must just consider this option as a last choice. If you can solve your financial problems without experiencing the unfavourable elements of personal bankruptcy, that is the most effective way to go.

During your initial no-cost consultation, the Licensed Insolvency Trustee will help you should explore all the bankruptcy alternatives. I have written before in more detail about each of the bankruptcy alternatives listed below. I have included a link to each of those more detailed blogs. The main alternatives to bankruptcy are:

Debt consolidation

If you’re aiming to leave financial debt behind, debt consolidation could be a good alternative for you. By rolling all your financial obligations into one financing with a lower rate of interest, you will save money from the lower rate of interest on the new consolidation loan and leave your debt behind much faster.

Just make sure that you understand the current interest rates you are being charged, the total of your monthly payments that you currently may or may not be able to afford, the interest rate being offered to you on a debt consolidation loan, what your new monthly payment will be and make sure that you have a realistic budget of your monthly income and monthly expenses that shows that you can afford the new payments on a monthly basis.

Credit counselling

Credit counselling is a process whereby a person in debt meets with a credit counsellor to discuss their options for dealing with their debt. The credit counsellor will assess the person’s financial situation and provide advice on how to best deal with the debt. This may include negotiating with creditors to reduce interest rates or monthly payments and setting up a debt management plan.

As I have written many times before, you should only go to a community-based non-profit credit counselling agency that does not charge any fees. If the credit counsellor you choose wants to charge you fees, get out of there. It is not the best choice for you.

Debt settlement

Debt settlement is a process in which you can negotiate with your creditors to pay less than the full amount you owe. This can be a good option if you are not able to pay your debts in full and you are willing to negotiate with your creditors.

Debt settlement works well if you only have 1 or a few creditors. If you have many creditors, debt settlement is much more difficult in making sure that everyone remains on board with the negotiated settlement and that you will have enough money to pay the lower settled amounts you promised.

Many times with a multitude of creditors, either a consumer proposal or a Division I Proposal is the most effective way to bind everyone in a debt settlement process.

Like in credit counselling, I urge you to stay away from debt settlement companies that charge fees. What they do is charge you unnecessary fees, try to sell you products you don’t need and then when they cannot sell you any more products and their debt settlement techniques do not work, they then walk you to their favourite Licensed Insolvency Trustee for an insolvency process, which might just be a bankruptcy.

I would rather see you use your accountant or lawyer if you do not feel comfortable negotiating yourself. Those professionals will have your best interests at heart in return for their fee. They also won’t try to sell you more products.

Consumer proposals

When it comes to debt of $250,000 or less (other than for secured debts registered against your home), there are a number of options available to help you get back on track. One option is a consumer proposal.

A consumer proposal is a formal debt relief and debt-settlement option available in Canada. It is a legally binding agreement between you and your creditors. Under a consumer proposal, you agree to repay a portion of your debts, and your creditors agree to forgive the rest.

A consumer proposal can be an attractive option for many reasons. First, it can help you get out of debt without having to declare bankruptcy. Second, it can help you keep your assets, such as your home or car. Third, it can give you a fresh start by wiping away most, if not all, of your unsecured debts.

If you’re considering a consumer proposal, it is necessary to obtain assistance from a qualified expert. A Licensed Insolvency Trustee, who is also a consumer proposal administrator in Canada, can walk you through the process and answer your questions. This will allow you to see if it’s the right choice for you.

Division I Proposal

If you owe more than $250,000, a Division I Proposal is a great option to settle your debts. It’s not as streamlined as a consumer proposal, but it’s still a great way to get out of debt.

Other than these technical differences, it has the same aim as a consumer proposal: to provide a debt settlement option that will bind all unsecured creditors and get the person back onto their feet free of the stress and burden of their unmanageable debts.

Either a consumer proposal or a Division I Proposal are excellent debt relief options approved by the Canadian government. One of the other benefits of either of these two debt settlement options is that the person will also receive two mandatory financial counselling sessions. Getting this education will help put the person on the right track for the rest of their life.

Understanding the advantages of bankruptcy and also the disadvantages of bankruptcy for companies

When a company faces overwhelming debt, bankruptcy may seem like the only way out. However, there is only one advantage and one disadvantage to bankruptcy for a company.

One advantage of this situation is that the Trustee may be able to sell the assets to a purchaser who will then be able to use those assets to continue the former business of the company in a profitable way. This could potentially save some jobs, at least for the key employees of the old business.

The one disadvantage is that unlike a person, when a company goes bankrupt, the corporate legal entity is now dead.

Before the Directors of a company decide to bankrupt the company, they should determine if certain divisions or parts of the business can be saved and operate profitably if the unprofitable part(s) could be eliminated. If so, a financial restructuring can be done to turn this unprofitable company into a viable and profitable one and save some jobs in the process.

pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
pros and cons of bankruptcies canada

Pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada: Summary

I hope you enjoyed this Brandon’s Blog on the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada.

People are falling behind with stagnant wages or tiny wage increases while there is runaway inflation and they are falling deeper and deeper into debt. Revenue and cash flow shortages are critical issues facing entrepreneurs and their companies and businesses. Are you now worried about just how you or your business are going to survive? Those concerns are obviously on your mind. Coming out of the pandemic, we are now worried about its economic effects of inflation and a potential recession.

The Ira Smith Team understands these concerns. More significantly, we know the requirements of the business owner or the individual that has way too much financial debt. You are trying to manage these difficult financial problems and you are understandably anxious.

It is not your fault you can’t fix this problem on your own. The pandemic has thrown everyone a curveball. We have not been trained to deal with this. You have only been taught the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team makes use of new contemporary ways to get you out of your debt problems while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief now, while explaining the pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada or any other of our recommendations.

We look at your whole circumstance and design a strategy that is as distinct as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as part of the debt settlement strategy we will draft just for you. There are many pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada. Whatever process we recommend for you will, we will do so in order to minimize any cons you may experience.

We understand that people facing money problems require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you and end the discomfort you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will listen to the unique issues facing you and provide you with practical and actionable ideas you can implement right away to end the pain points in your financial life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

 

 

pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
pros and cons of bankruptcies Canada pros and cons of bankruptcies canada
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DISCHARGE FROM BANKRUPTCY CANADA: OUR DETAILED STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE

What are the implications of discharge from bankruptcy Canada?

If you are experiencing financial troubles and can’t pay your debts, you can file for bankruptcy in Canada. This legal process lets you off the hook for your debts and start fresh. Once you’re discharged from bankruptcy, you’re no longer responsible for those debts (other than for a few exceptions noted below). Filing for bankruptcy is stressful. We understand how difficult and stressful the bankruptcy process can be, so we hope that this will be a helpful resource for you.

Once the Trustee has completed their duties under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) with respect to the administration of your property and the bankruptcy estate, the next step in the bankruptcy process is they must apply for a discharge. This will occur after the Trustee has applied for your discharge from bankruptcy Canada, even if you did not get an absolute discharge.

This Brandon’s Blog is for people who have made a bankruptcy filing but have not yet been discharged. If your Licensed Insolvency Trustee has been discharged or is otherwise unable to help you with a second discharge application, this blog will provide you with the information you need to get through the process on your own.

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada: What are the implications if you are not discharged from bankruptcy?

If your previous application for discharge was unsuccessful, you remain an undischarged bankrupt and your Trustee is not obliged to make another application on your behalf. However, you should check with your Trustee first as they may or may not be prepared to do so.

We often receive calls from individuals who claim that their Trustee has been discharged, but they have not been. They express confusion as to why their Licensed Insolvency Trustee will not make an application for their discharge from bankruptcy. A quick search reveals that in these cases, the individual received a conditional discharge, but has not yet fulfilled all of their conditions to get a bankruptcy discharge. That is why their conditional discharge has not yet been converted into an absolute discharge.

If you filed an assignment in bankruptcy and are still an undischarged bankrupt, you may be able to apply for discharge from bankruptcy. An insolvency Trustee only needs to make one application on your behalf. Once the Trustee obtains their discharge, they do not need to make your application for discharge on your behalf again.

The Licensed Trustee cannot be discharged until all bankruptcy administration requirements have been met, including making the first discharge application on behalf of the bankrupt person.

discharge from bankruptcy canada
discharge from bankruptcy canada

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada: How do you obtain a bankruptcy discharge in Canada?

Automatic discharge from bankruptcy is typically granted unless there are exceptional circumstances. If there is opposition to the automatic discharge, the discharge application must be brought before the court for a hearing.

If you did not complete all of your bankruptcy duties as the bankrupt person, such as providing income and expense statements, attending required financial counselling sessions, and/or paying surplus income, your Trustee had reasons to oppose your automatic discharge and scheduled a hearing with the court.

The Report of Trustee on Bankrupt’s Application for Discharge sets out the reasons for the insolvency Trustee’s opposition to a bankrupt’s application for discharge. This document is on file with the court.

If a bankrupt does not receive a discharge at the time of the court application, it is usually because they have not yet done what is required. The associate justice/registrar who heard the application at court may have therefore adjourned the application (i.e. stated it was to be heard at a later date, which may or may not have been set).

The court may have adjourned your discharge application or imposed conditions that must be met before you are entitled to a discharge. The disposition sheet from the hearing will state what the court decided in this regard.

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada: What are the steps to clear my bankruptcy?

It’s not unusual for people who didn’t do what they were supposed to at first to try and get back on track and do what’s required to get their discharge. You must comply with your duties during bankruptcy to the best of your ability and be prepared to explain to the court any deficiency in doing so.

For example, to get your discharge, you must be able to provide details and evidence of your income and expenses during bankruptcy. You probably recall that you were required to provide the Trustee with your monthly income and expense reports. If you’re unable to provide the court with those details, the court may want to review your income tax returns for that period. If you want the court to rescind or vary the conditions imposed, you must show that you complied with the conditions to the best of your ability.

There are many examples of trying your best to meet the conditions but maybe not perfectly. If the court orders you to pay a certain sum of money to the Trustee by a certain date, you can make the court-ordered additional payment but not by the specified date. If you were required to make surplus income monthly payments but didn’t make them all, that’s one reason there were conditions attached to your discharge. You can apply to the court to change the date and get your discharge.

Another one is that you didn’t finish all your required credit counselling sessions. You could finish them and then provide proof of completion to the court.

discharge from bankruptcy canada
discharge from bankruptcy canada

Completing your own application for discharge from bankruptcy Canada

Making your own application to be discharged from bankruptcy can be a bit daunting, but don’t worry—just follow a few simple steps and you’ll be all set. Here are some tips to help you get your application ready and submitted without the help of a bankruptcy trustee or a bankruptcy lawyer.

To begin, you’ll want to locate your bankruptcy file at the court office. Once you have your file, be sure to look through it thoroughly to find:

  • your bankruptcy court file number;
  • the Report of Trustee on the Bankrupt’s Application for Discharge under section 170 of the BIA;
  • any order issued by the bankruptcy court at the original discharge hearing; and
  • the court’s disposition sheet from any previous discharge hearing identifies what the court previously ordered or decided.

You will need copies of these documents. You can ask the court office to make copies for you. They will charge you a fee for photocopying. You should check the Report of the Trustee, the court’s disposition sheet, and any court order to see what you failed to do and what conditions the court has imposed. Also, it is not a bad idea to find out who attended your last application for discharge.

You should check the Report of the Trustee, the court’s disposition sheet, and any court order(s) in the file to see what you didn’t do and what conditions (if any) the court has imposed. Lastly, you need to schedule a date for your discharge hearing with the bankruptcy court.

You will be required to prepare the following documents and file them with the court:

  • a notice of hearing for a bankrupt person’s application for discharge;
  • your affidavit explaining why you believe you are entitled to the discharge order sought;
  • an affidavit of service; and
  • a draft of the order sought.

The Associate Justice/Registrar in Bankruptcy hearing your application for discharge may make any order he or she sees fit. If the order you are seeking is made, he or she may accept and sign it in court on the day you appear, which may save you a period of time later on.

Requisition – Notice of hearing for bankrupt’s discharge from bankruptcy Canada hearing for discharge

The first step in obtaining a discharge in bankruptcy is to file a Notice of Hearing for Bankrupt’s Application for Discharge with the court. That document would have first been filed by the Trustee when the Application for discharge is first scheduled. If you have a copy of it, it will be a good precedent for you to follow.

A requisition must be filed again by you in order to have the matter brought back before the court.

discharge from bankruptcy canada
discharge from bankruptcy canada

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada:The Affidavit

An affidavit is a formal, written statement that provides key information in your legal case. Any evidence you want the court to consider in your application must be submitted in an affidavit. Your affidavit should describe the events leading up to your bankruptcy, and your current financial situation.

You must swear or affirm your affidavit before a notary public or commissioner of oaths. Make sure that your affidavit only includes evidence that is relevant to your application for discharge.

The court is familiar with a standard form of affidavit for discharge applications. You should familiarize yourself with that normal format. You should also include:

  • additional information about why you did not seek a bankruptcy discharge earlier;
  • is this a 1st-time bankruptcy, 2nd-time bankruptcy or more;
  • why you have not been able to comply with the bankrupt’s duties or the requirements of an earlier court order; and
  • state the reasons you are wanting to be discharged now.

You will need to attach any relevant documents to your affidavit in support of your application, including a statement of your current income, expenses, assets, liabilities and any previous bankruptcy information.

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada:Affidavit of Service

To serve documents, you must provide a written copy to the party to be served. You need to obtain a signature or other confirmation, such as an email, to confirm that the document was properly served. You will need to serve the filed Requisition and all filed Affidavits and documents on:

These parties may attend your hearing and make submissions.

In order to provide proper service within the required time period before your discharge hearing, you must familiarize yourself with the rules. You must also provide proof of service at the hearing, especially if no one else attends. This proof of service can be the signature of everyone served to show the date they were served.

An Affidavit of Service can also be filed with the court. This Affidavit of Service is separate from the Affidavit filed with the court regarding your reasons for entitlement to anabsolute bankruptcy discharge certificate.

discharge from bankruptcy canada
discharge from bankruptcy canada

At the discharge from bankruptcy Canada hearing

When you appear in court for your discharge hearing, you will be able to present your case to either an Associate Justice or Registrar in Bankruptcy. If your application is being opposed, the creditors opposing your discharge need to file a notice of opposition. In this case, the hearing will be in front of a bankruptcy Judge. This is the normal process followed:

  1. You explain why you believe you are entitled to the order you are seeking, for example, an absolute discharge from bankruptcy.
  2. Anyone opposing your application explains his or her position.
  3. The Judge or Registrar may ask questions relating to the affidavits and documents you have filed and make suggestions or give directions.

When presenting your position at the hearing, remember to:

  1. Clearly state what order you are seeking from the Registrar in Bankruptcy or Judge.
  2. Outline the facts supporting your application in a concise manner.
  3. Explain the law on the subject and how it applies to the facts of your case.

Your conduct before and during bankruptcy will be taken into consideration when making a decision on your application for discharge. The Trustee’s report will provide information on your conduct before and during bankruptcy, which will be taken into account. if you did not attend the required financial counselling
sessions, did not file required statements of income and expense, and/or did not make the required surplus income payments to the Trustee for the benefit of your creditors.

The court will consider the relevant factors and make the appropriate order, or it may adjourn the hearing for further information or conditions to be met. Some of the types of orders the court may make are:

  • An order of discharge that is absolute and therefore you are immediately discharged from bankruptcy.
  • A conditional discharge may be granted. Examples of conditions are:
    • if the debtor pays any unpaid surplus income,
    • the debtor pays the outstanding balance for any asset that was agreed to be paid for; or
    • if the debtor pays a sum of money to the Trustee toward their debt obligations, as decided by the court.
  • A discharge that has been suspended.
  • The court may refuse to issue a discharge order if it is not satisfied that you have made full and adequate disclosure, or if there are issues with your conduct.

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada: Order for discharge

The Judge or Registrar in Bankruptcy will grant a discharge order at the end of the hearing. The type of discharge will be one of the kinds indicated above. If you prepared a draft order and the Registrar in Bankruptcy or Judge finds it acceptable, they will sign it and you can then have it filed with the court. However, if your application was opposed, keep in mind that one of the opposing parties may choose to appeal the discharge order.

If you have not prepared your order before the hearing, you should do so after the hearing and submit the order in duplicate to the court. The court office will then send the order to the Registrar in Bankruptcy or Judge who heard your application for signing. Once you receive your copy of the signed order, your discharge will be official.

When you receive a copy of the signed order, you must provide a copy to the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy. They will in turn notify the credit bureaus and Canada Revenue Agency of your discharge.

When you have received your absolute discharge, you are no longer legally responsible for repaying debts that you incurred before your assignment in bankruptcy. You will get rid of debt with some exceptions set out in Section 178 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act. They are:

  • payment of child support or alimony;
  • student loans, if you have not been a full-time or part-time student for less than 7 years;
  • a fine or penalty imposed by the court; or
  • debt resulting from fraud.

    discharge from bankruptcy canada
    discharge from bankruptcy canada

Discharge from bankruptcy Canada: Are you tired of being in debt?

Bankruptcy law and the bankruptcy process can be complex, so it may be worth retaining a bankruptcy lawyer to help you apply for your discharge. Ultimately, it is up to you, but hopefully, this guide to discharge from bankruptcy Canada will lay out the steps you need to take if you wish to apply for a discharge yourself.

I hope that you found this discharge from bankruptcy Canada Brandon’s Blog informative. If you’re sick and tired of carrying the burden of debt and ready to live a much better life, we can assist. We know exactly how it really feels to be in debt as well as feel like you’re never going to get ahead. We have actually helped lots of people and businesses that were in your position reach financial stability, so we understand it’s feasible for you to prosper in your objective of ending up being debt-free. Nevertheless, it will certainly require some work on your part. We’ll be right here to assist you with every action necessary.

The financial restructuring process is complex. The Ira Smith Team understands how to do a complex restructuring. However, more importantly, we understand the needs of the entrepreneur or the person who has too many personal unsecured debts, Credit card debt, income tax debt liability, unsecured loans or personal obligations from the running of your company or from being a business owner. These are all types of debt we can help you eliminate. We are aware of your financial difficulties and understand your concerns. Filing bankruptcy is the last option we explore only after we have exhausted all other options to avoid bankruptcy, such as financial restructuring through a debt repayment plan.

It is not your fault that you are in this situation. You have been only shown the old ways that do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team uses new modern ways to give you the best management advice to get you out of your outstanding debt troubles while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief freedom.

The stress placed upon you is huge. We understand your pain points. We are sympathetic to the financial difficulties you are experiencing and would like to help alleviate your concerns. We want to lighten your load by coming up with a debt settlement plan crafted just for you.

We realize that people and businesses in financial difficulty need practical advice and a workable solution in an easy-to-understand financial plan. The Ira Smith Team knows that not everyone has to file for bankruptcy in Canada. Most of our clients never do, as we are familiar with alternatives to bankruptcy. We assist many people in finding the relief they need.

Call or email us. We would be happy to give you a no-cost initial consultation. We can find you the perfect solution to tailor a new debt restructuring procedure specifically for you, based on your unique economic situation and needs. We provide a full range of services to people and companies. If any of this sounds familiar to you and you’re serious about finding a solution, let us know. We will get you back to living a happy life, whether or not there is an economic recession in Canada.

Call us now for a no-cost initial consultation. We are licensed professionals.

discharge from bankruptcy canada
discharge from bankruptcy canada
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FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION: OUR AUTHORITATIVE GUIDE ON WHAT (REALLY) GOES INTO FRAUDULENT MISREPRESENTATION

An overview of fraudulent misrepresentation

Fraudulent misrepresentation can be incredibly damaging for the victim, both emotionally and financially. It occurs when someone makes a false statement about a material fact with the intention of inducing another person to rely on that statement, and the reliance causes damages.

Fraudulent misrepresentation is a civil wrong (tort) that can be the basis for a lawsuit. It can also be a crime, depending on the circumstances.
Anyone accused of fraudulent misrepresentation must speak to an experienced lawyer to discuss their case and the possible defences they may have.

Last week’s Brandon’s Blog, “MORTGAGE FRAUD IN CANADA: CANADIAN BANKRUPTCY CAN’T RELEASE YOU FROM A CORRUPT DEBT YOU CREATED“, I wrote about what mortgage fraud is and how it is perpetrated. I also described a recent decision of the Court of Appeal for Ontario on how anyone found guilty of mortgage fraud and had damages awarded against them will not be able to remove that debt by filing an assignment in bankruptcy.

I described how that kind of debt will not be discharged in bankruptcy because it is one of the exceptions outlined in section 178(1) of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada).

In this week’s Brandon’s Blog, I describe a recent decision of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, Bank of Montreal v. 1886758 Ontario Inc., 2022 ONSC 4642. This case is about fraudulent misrepresentation, why that kind of debt will also not be released by the guilty individual’s discharge from bankruptcy and the court’s attitude to that issue.

What are the three types of misrepresentation?

Over the years, misrepresentation legal issues have been tried in court and the law has developed such that misrepresentation can be divided into 3 types; innocent, negligent and fraudulent. If there are no consequences for lying or omitting important information when entering into a contract, then agreements between parties to conduct business would become meaningless. The concept of misrepresentation is important in contract law.

The differences between the 3 types of false misrepresentation are as follows:

  1. Innocent misrepresentation is when someone makes a false claim or untrue statement but honestly believes that the representation is true.
  2. Negligent misrepresentation: this is when someone makes a false claim without realizing that it is not true. They did not fulfill their duty of care when making statements to make sure they were not true.
  3. Fraudulent misrepresentation: this is when someone makes a false claim deliberately to deceive others.

    fraudulent misrepresentation
    fraudulent misrepresentation

When you make a false statement, you may face civil or criminal consequences. Common examples of making a false statement are:

  • to obtain or deny benefits arising from a contract, you may be guilty of fraud;
  • making a false statement under oath in court, you may be charged with perjury;
  • a false statement made that harms another person, you may be sued for defamation; and
  • to commit or help someone who committed a crime, may be obstruction of justice or criminal conspiracy

In civil case matters, the party who has suffered damages as a result of the misrepresentation will be awarded a monetary award by the court.

The court case: What’s the process for suing someone for fraudulent misrepresentation?

The process used by the Plaintiff, Bank of Montreal (“BMO”) was a legal claim by starting a claim for misrepresentation and recovery of the debt owing by way of a Statement of Claim for a default judgment and related relief against 1886758 Ontario Inc. operating as Rejuv Medical (“Rejuv Medical”) and its Director, who was a guarantor of the loans to Rejuv Medical, in a debt collection and fraud action by BMO.

The aggrieved party, BMO, filed its motion seeking:

  • An Order granting the Plaintiff default judgment against the Defendants is issued under Plaintiff’s Statement of Claim. This includes a judgment in the aggregate sum of $442,723.36 as of June 29, 2021, plus accruing pre- and post-judgment interest from that date.
  • Claims for damages seeking an award for punitive damages of $150,000.
  • Substantial indemnification for all related costs, charges, expenses, and fees, including legal fees.
  • Sole possession of the assets of Rejuv Medical.
  • A declaration attesting that any amounts awarded by the court are debts resulting from obtaining property by false pretenses or fraudulent misrepresentation.

    fraudulent misrepresentation
    fraudulent misrepresentation

The evidence of fraudulent misrepresentation

BMO and Rejuv Medical entered into a letter agreement on November 16, 2020, under which BMO will provide three credit facilities:

  • The first loan was for $350,000 under the Canada Small Business Financing Act, with interest at BMO’s prime rate plus 3.00% per annum.
  • BMO provided a $120,000 operating loan to Rejuv Medical, payable on demand with interest at the bank’s prime rate plus 2.15% per annum. This loan is in addition to the existing business account and will help with short-term operating expenses.
  • The third facility was a $30,000 commercial credit card agreement with an interest rate of 21.00% per annum.

BMO will only advance loan proceeds to eligible businesses for prescribed purposes, in accordance with the Canada Small Business Financing Act and its regulations. Accordingly, a loan applicant must specify and confirm how it will satisfy one of these prescribed purposes.

The principal of Rejuv Medical and guarantor of the proposed BMO credit facilities signed a Declaration on its behalf. The Declaration stated that the Borrower understands that, under the Canada Small Business Financing Regulations, loans cannot be made for certain purposes and under certain circumstances. To assist in the determination of whether a loan to the Borrower would be permitted under these regulations, the Borrower provided information to show that the first facility loan did qualify.

BMO learned later that the representations made were false and that the invoice provided as proof of purchase of qualifying equipment was a fabricated document.

At the time BMO determined that there were materially inaccurate and false representations made by Rejuv Medical and its Director the guarantor, Rejuv Medical defaulted on its obligations to BMO for the loans.

What are the potential damages that could be claimed for fraudulent misrepresentation in this case?

The motion judge stated that the Borrower and guarantor being noted in default and not defending the action are taken to be an admission that Rejuv Medical and its Director:

  • Never intended for the funds advanced to be used to purchase the equipment specified in the government loan program application process or the produced invoice.
  • Had no record of purchasing the equipment specified in the invoice, or any comparable property or asset.
  • Never intended to purchase the equipment in the manner represented, or at all.
  • Did not establish the small business with the intention of operating it for an extended period of time or making a profit.
  • Made false representations and declarations, knowing that they were false, without belief in their truth, or recklessly indifferent to whether the representations and declarations were true or false.
  • Making this fraudulent misrepresentation caused damages as BMO suffered losses and damages, including the amounts owing for the loans.

Concerning the debt collection aspect of this case, the evidence established that the loans in question have gone into default and have not been repaid. Thus there was a breach of contract.

Based on this evidence, it is clear that Rejuv Medical owes and is liable to pay BMO $442,723.36 as of June 29, 2021, plus accruing pre-and post-judgment interest. As a fraud case, in addition to the amount of the loans and accrued interest to be paid, the court also awarded BMO $150,000 in punitive damages.

fraudulent misrepresentation
fraudulent misrepresentation

What are the 5 elements of a fraudulent misrepresentation claim?

The court emphasized that the five elements of a fraudulent misrepresentation claim are:

  1. a defendant made a false statement;
  2. with full knowledge that the statement was false, or with complete indifference to its truthfulness, the statement was made;
  3. the intent to deceive;
  4. the false statement being material and inducing the Plaintiff to act; and
  5. the plaintiff has suffered damages.

BMO did not seek a direction that its claim would survive a bankruptcy discharge, as the debt would fall within s. 178 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (“BIA”). BMO made it clear that in the event the Defendants declare bankruptcy, it intends to rely on section 178 of the BIA.

You will recall from last week’s Brandon’s Blog, that section 178(1) of the BIA is the listing of the types of debts that are not released by a personal bankruptcy discharge. So if the guarantor ever declares bankruptcy, BMO’s debt will survive his discharge.

Section 178(1)(e) of the BIA specifically states that any debts or liabilities resulting from obtaining property or services through false pretenses or fraudulent misrepresentation will not be discharged through bankruptcy.

If the guarantor files for bankruptcy, BMO will seek an amendment to its judgment to declare that the debt still needs to be paid, and based on section 178(1) of the BIA, the debt will survive a discharge from bankruptcy. From my Brandon’s Blog of last week, it is evident that should the time come, BMO will get that further declaration.

You are not alone in this – get help from a Licensed Insolvency Trustee

I hope you enjoyed this Brandon’s Blog on fraudulent misrepresentation and how bankruptcy will not help the guilty defendant. Are you or your company in need of financial restructuring? Have you suffered damages because of reliance on false or misleading statements in business contract terms? The financial restructuring process is complex. The Ira Smith Team understands how to do a complex restructuring. However, more importantly, we understand the needs of the entrepreneur or the person who has too much personal debt. You are worried because you are facing significant financial challenges.

It is not your fault that you are in this situation. You have been only shown the old ways that do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team uses new modern ways to get you out of your debt troubles while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief freedom.

The stress placed upon you is huge. We understand your pain points. We look at your entire situation and devise a strategy that is as unique as you and your problems; financial and emotional. We know that we can help you the way we take the load off of your shoulders and devise a debt settlement plan.

We realize that people and businesses in financial difficulty need practical advice and a workable solution in an easy-to-understand financial plan. The Ira Smith Team knows that not everyone has to file for bankruptcy in Canada. Most of our clients never do, as we are familiar with alternatives to bankruptcy. We assist many people in finding the relief they need.

Call or email us. We can tailor a new debt restructuring procedure specifically for you, based on your unique economic situation and needs. If any of this sounds familiar to you and you’re serious about finding a solution, let us know.

Call us now for a no-cost initial consultation.

fraudulent misrepresentation
fraudulent misrepresentation

 

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INSOLVENCY TRUSTEE: TURNS OUT CERTAIN ACTIONS AGAINST THE TRUSTEE CANNOT BE UNLEASHED WITHOUT COURT PERMISSION

What does an insolvency trustee do?

In simple terms, the only professional who can help you with a government-regulated insolvency proceeding that may allow you to be discharged from your debt is an insolvency trustee. This may be the best solution for individuals with significant financial difficulties.

An insolvency trustee is responsible for carrying out the administration of an insolvency file in accordance with the requirements of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA). The insolvency trustee is responsible for ensuring that both creditors and the public interest are protected during the debt relief options of bankruptcy, consumer proposal, or Division I proposal process. This includes ensuring that assets are properly managed, sold and the cash distributed and that the bankruptcy or insolvency process is carried out in a fair and orderly manner.

A licensed insolvency trustee is federally regulated

The Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy (OSB) licenses and provides ongoing oversight for insolvency trustees, who must adhere to federal standards of practice, including the Code of Ethics for Trustees.

If you have a problem with a licensed insolvency trustee (formerly called a bankruptcy trustee) that you can’t solve, you can file a complaint with the OSB. Your complaint will be reviewed and assessed. You may even want to consider taking legal action against the insolvency trustee if your situation is extreme.

Section 215 of the BIA states:

“Except by leave of the court, no action lies against the Superintendent, an official receiver, an interim receiver or a trustee with respect to any report made under, or any action taken pursuant to, this Act.”

The BIA recognizes that a party may have a legitimate grievance against an insolvency trustee for something that was done or not done during a bankruptcy administration. The BIA tries to balance the need to protect legitimate claims against the Trustee with the need to prevent parties from using the threat of litigation to gain leverage.

insolvency trustee

Who is a person of insolvency?

The above is an introduction to today’s insolvency trustee Brandon’s Blog. In June of last year, I wrote about this bankrupt person in the blog TRUSTEE IN BANKRUPTCY: CERTAIN ACTIONS AGAINST TRUSTEE CAN BE UNLEASHED WITHOUT FIRST REQUIRING COURT PERMISSION. That Brandon Blog dealt with a decision of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.

The person of this insolvency was a serial bankrupt, filing bankruptcy four times in 12 years: 2004, 2006, 2011, and 2016. Each time he used the same insolvency trustee. He operated a sole proprietorship painting business. So technically, each time he went bankrupt, a new sole proprietorship began.

The plaintiff alleges that the licensed insolvency trustee (LIT) was negligent, committed fraud, breached their fiduciary duty, and was unjustly enriched, starting with the confidential consultation and throughout each personal bankruptcy administration. The bankrupt discovered during his 4th bankruptcy that his former spouse had misappropriated substantial sums from his business between 2003 and 2018. Ultimately, he determined that the amount of the misappropriations was approximately $206,000.

The bankrupt’s fourth bankruptcy was annulled by filing a consumer proposal with a different insolvency trustee that was accepted by his creditors. He and his current spouse then commenced an action not against the corporate licensed insolvency trustee of record who handled all four bankruptcies, but rather against the person, who is a licensed insolvency trustee, who carried out the individual bankruptcy processes.

The bankrupt person and his new spouse are seeking relief against the individual as though he were the Trustee of record. The central allegation is that he, as the “Licensed Insolvency Trustee” providing bankruptcy services for each of the bankruptcies, ought to have detected the misappropriations and, once told about them, he should have sued the former spouse. So they are blaming the Trustee for the bankrupt businesses with debt problems!

The plaintiff went to court to determine whether they needed the court’s permission to proceed with their case under section 215 of the BIA against the bankrupt person’s insolvency trustee. The plaintiff believed they did not need permission, but if they did, they should be granted it. The defendant Trustee argued that permission was needed and should not be granted. The judge ruled that the plaintiff does not need to get permission from the court to start this legal process.

Insolvency trustee appeals lower court decision

On July 13, 2022, the Court of Appeal for Ontario released its decision of the three appellate judge panel on the insolvency trustee‘s appeal of the lower court decision. The OSB obtained intervener status and was represented by legal counsel on the appeal. The OSB supported the insolvency trustee‘s position.

The motion judge, sitting in the bankruptcy court, determined that permission was not required under s. 215 to commence the legal action. However, she expressly did not determine whether, if permission were required, it should be granted. Therefore, she did not address whether the person’s status as an undischarged bankrupt would impact the decision.

The motion judge found that the litigation did not require permission under section 215 for two reasons:

  1. she believed that actions against trustees in their personal capacity do not require permission; and
  2. she found that actions that allege omissions do not require such permission.insolvency trustee

Is the appeal as of right, and if not, should leave to appeal be granted?

The Court of Appeal for Ontario first had to decide if the licensed insolvency trustee has an automatic right to appeal the lower court decision and if not, should leave to appeal be granted?

The appellate court stated that it would be willing to grant leave to appeal because the proposed appeal, falls within the proper scope of section 215 of the BIA for 3 reasons:

  1. This case raises an important issue – the circumstances in which an insolvency trustee can be sued without leave of the court – that is of general importance to the practice in bankruptcy/insolvency matters.
  2. The case is prima facie meritorious.
  3. The appeal would not unduly hinder the progress of the person’s bankruptcy proceedings.

The Court of Appeal for Ontario, therefore, gave the Trustee the opportunity to appeal the lower court’s decision.

Insolvency trustees and bankrupts are obliged to work with the court

The lower court found that the action did not require leave under section 215 of the BIA. This is because the judge decided it was against the Trustee in a personal capacity. The Trustee was now appealing this decision. The Trustee argued that section 215 of the BIA applies when a director, officer, or employee of the corporate trustee is sued for the Trustee’s conduct, just as it would if the corporate trustee were sued. The appellate court agreed, relying on a decision from the Supreme Court of British Columbia.

The purpose of BIA section 215 is to ensure that the bankruptcy process is not obstructed by the Trustee being hindered by actual or threatened vexatious lawsuits in connection with the administration of the bankruptcy.

In Canada, most licensed insolvency trustees are corporations. The BIA imposes numerous duties on them. A corporate entity can only discharge its duties through its directors, officers and employees. If the scope of section 215 were limited to protecting only the corporate trustee, then Trustees would be unable to properly carry out their duties.

The Court of Appeal for Ontario in this cased determined that this type of distinction between the corporate trustee and its staff would contravene the clearly expressed will of Parliament as evidenced by the statutory language. To allow such would be to subvert the fundamental purpose of section 215.

The key question in determining whether s. 215 applies is whether the connection contemplated by the section is present. This question is answered by examining the relationship between the alleged wrongdoing complained of in the Action and the role of a trustee. The appellate court looked at the proposed action by the bankrupt person and his current spouse and saw that there was the required connection. Therefore the Court of Appeal for Ontario agreed with the position of the Trustee and the intervener in finding that section 215 does apply in this case.

The other reason the motion judge came to her conclusion was that the action also alleged omissions. The lower court judge determined that a claim for omissions is not covered by section 215. The appellants and the intervener argued that action may fall outside of section 215 only when the crux of the action is the failure to do something expressly and specifically required by the BIA.

The common law claims here arise from alleged failures to act, rather than from failures to do something specifically and expressly required by the BIA. The Court of Appeal believes that section 215 applies to this action, and the motion judge was incorrect in concluding otherwise.

The Court of Appeal for Ontario sent this case back down to the bankruptcy court to decide whether the former bankrupt and his current wife should be allowed to sue the Trustee.insolvency trustee

What you need to know about LITs

Neither myself nor my firm has any kind of involvement in this issue. I have not read any of the pleadings in this action. I wish to be clear with you and let you know, based only on the information available to the public from the court decisions, what I would certainly have done in carrying out the personal bankruptcies if I was the Trustee.

If you’re experiencing financial difficulties and are considering insolvency, the first step is to consult with an insolvency trustee. During this consultation, the Trustee will collect information about your financial affairs and make recommendations about the best course of action for you.

The individual conducting the assessment must inquire about the debtor’s property and financial affairs. They shall prepare a statement of the debtor’s financial affairs, including their assets and liabilities, based on the information obtained from the debtor.

It is also necessary to get a clear and up-to-date monthly income and expenditure statement, which details all income (gross and net), all expenditures (including special needs, alimony, support or maintenance payments, and medical and prescription expenses). The debtor must also be prompted to provide information on all transfers under value they may have made concerning their assets.

There are a few options available to debtors who are struggling financially and looking to improve their financial situation. These debt relief programs include:

  • non-legislative debt solutions such as debt consolidation or financial counselling sessions performed by credit counselling agencies (insolvency trustees must provide two mandatory credit counselling sessions with the debtor as part of either a proposal or bankruptcy);
  • consumer proposals under Division II of the BIA;
  • a proposal under Division I of the BIA for those that do not qualify for a consumer proposal; and
  • as a last resort, bankruptcy.

What are the duties of an insolvency trustee?

Each debt management plan option has different rights and responsibilities for both the debtor and the creditors. It’s important for the debtor to understand all of the available debt management solutions. I would discuss each one with the debtor and help them choose the one that would be the best for their individual situation. In this particular case, I would want to drill down with the debtor to have him identify the causes of their insolvency. This inevitably would lead to a discussion with this debtor as to why his business seems to be losing so much money every year.

In order to fulfill my duties, I would want to drill down with the debtor to have him identify the causes of their insolvency. This inevitably would lead to a discussion with this debtor as to why his business seems to be losing so much money every year. If the debtor had been able to afford the monthly payments for a consumer proposal to annul his fourth bankruptcy using a different Trustee, could he have avoided filing for bankruptcy a fourth time altogether? I don’t have enough information to know the answer to that question.

I am required to review the bankrupt’s banking transactions for the 12 months prior to the date of bankruptcy as a Trustee. I am looking for any large or unusual transactions, especially large amounts of cash being paid to relatives or friends. This is important in bankruptcy proceedings because the Trustee has a duty to keep creditors updated on any legal proceedings, reviewable transactions, and preference payments. The Trustee needs to consider taking action against anyone to recover funds or, at the very least, opposing the bankrupt’s absolute discharge.

This review is only possible if the bankrupt has accurate records. In this case, if the bankrupt had the records and I reviewed them, I would have either found or not found any unusual transactions. If I did the review, it may have uncovered the alleged fraud.

The former bankrupt claims that the insolvency trustee should have sued the former wife for taking cash out of his business fraudulently. As a Trustee, I must first determine whether there are sufficient funds available to do so. If there are funds available, I must then carefully consider whether pursuing legal action is in the best interests of the estate.

This also assumes that the Trustee’s lawyer has given the opinion that this is a strong case to pursue. The Trustee must be very cautious because if the case is lost, the Trustee will be responsible for the other party’s legal costs awarded by the court. If the bankruptcy estate has insufficient funds, the Trustee will be held personally responsible. This is not a desirable outcome.

If I had found evidence of the alleged fraud and I either did not have sufficient funds to launch a legal action or I did not think it was a wise use of estate funds, there is one more thing I could do and would have done.

I would write to all known creditors and the bankrupt to advise that there is a potential asset in the form of litigation against the bankrupt’s former wife. However, the Trustee does not have sufficient assets to begin the litigation and as a result, I must refuse to pursue this asset. I would also explain section 38 of the BIA. This section allows creditors to obtain court approval to pursue legal action in their own name. If successful, they are able to keep their costs and the full amount of their claim from the recovery. This could be a great option for creditors who wish to fund the legal action.

If the facts that come out align with my explanation of the steps I would have taken, then my prediction is that the former bankrupt and his current wife will not be successful in persuading the court to allow them to continue their action against the Trustee. I will keep watch.insolvency trustee

The insolvency trustee is here to help you with your problem debt

I understand that you’re struggling with debt and I’m here to help. I am an insolvency trustee and I want to help you find a way to shed your debt, eliminate your challenging debt issues, improve your financial future and get all that stress and worry out of your life, Starting Over Starting Now.

I hope you found this insolvency trustee Brandon’s Blog interesting. Among the many problems that can arise from having too much debt, you may also find yourself in a situation where bankruptcy seems like a realistic option.

If you are dealing with substantial debt challenges and are concerned that bankruptcy may be your only option, call me. I can provide you with debt help.

You are not to blame for your current situation. You have only been taught the old ways of dealing with financial issues, which are no longer effective.

We’re passionate about permanently solving your financial problems with you and getting you or your company out of debt. We offer innovative services and alternatives, and we’ll work with you to develop a personalized preparation for becoming debt-free which does not include bankruptcy. We are committed to helping everyone obtain the relief and financial wellbeing they need and are worthy of.

You are under a lot of pressure. We understand how uncomfortable you are. We will assess your entire situation and develop a new, custom approach that is tailored to you and your specific financial and emotional problems. We will take the burden off of your shoulders and clear away the dark cloud hanging over you. We will design a debt settlement strategy for you. We know that we can help you now.

We realize that people and businesses in financial difficulty need practical advice and a workable solution in an easy-to-understand financial plan. The Ira Smith Team knows that not everyone has to file for bankruptcy in Canada. Most of our clients never do, as we are familiar with alternatives to bankruptcy. We assist many people in finding the relief they need.

Call or email us. We can tailor a new debt restructuring procedure specifically for you, based on your unique economic situation and needs. If any of this sounds familiar to you and you’re serious about finding a solution, let us know.

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