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FILE FOR BANKRUPTCY: CAN YOU FILE FOR BANKRUPTCY CANADA FROM THE LUXURIOUS CARIBBEAN?

file for bankruptcy
file for bankruptcy

We hope that you and your family are safe, healthy and secure during this coronavirus pandemic.

Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. is absolutely operational and Ira, in addition to Brandon Smith, is readily available for a telephone consultation or video meeting.

If you would prefer to listen to the audio version of this Brandon Blog, please scroll to the bottom and click play on the podcast.

File for bankruptcy introduction

You have all probably read about or heard about the Ontario judge who presided over Toronto-area court cases from the Caribbean. With today’s technology, it is electronically possible to attend Zoom court from anywhere in the world. That got me thinking. Can a Canadian file for bankruptcy from the Caribbean or anywhere else in the world?

So I did the research. In my opinion, using what is right now permissible technology, I think it is possible for a licensed insolvency trustee to either accept a Canadian filing bankruptcy or make it happen from the luxurious Caribbean or anywhere else outside of Canada. In this Brandon Blog, I will explain the bankruptcy process and why I think a person or company can file for bankruptcy from outside Canada.

You owe money: Considering bankruptcy?

To file for bankruptcy is a difficult decision to make, especially considering the financial and personal consequences it has on you and your family. But sometimes, there is no other option. If you find yourself unable to pay your debts, filing for bankruptcy may be your best bet for a fresh financial start. But before you decide to file for bankruptcy, you must assess your situation and understand the consequences.

It’s easy to be overwhelmed when you’re facing the prospect of filing for bankruptcy. Bankruptcy is a complicated legal proceeding, and the law has established procedures that must be followed in a specific order. If you’re considering bankruptcy, it’s important that you understand how the process works and the critical role a licensed insolvency trustee (formerly called either a trustee in bankruptcy or a bankruptcy trustee (Trustee) plays in that process.

As a Trustee, I can tell you that bankruptcy is a serious undertaking. It can have a big impact on you financially and emotionally, and there are many important decisions you must make before, during, and after the process. The decisions you make now will have a big impact on your future. As a Trustee, I always first try to help people and companies look at the alternatives to bankruptcy in order to avoid bankruptcy, rather than file for bankruptcy. Personal bankruptcy or business bankruptcies are truly a last resort when there is no other choice.

How to file for bankruptcy Canada: Let the licensed insolvency trustee no-cost consultation happen first

You may be considering filing for bankruptcy in Canada because you have debts that you can no longer pay. If you are drowning in debt, you might feel like there is no way out. But bankruptcy isn’t the end of the world. In fact, it can help many people get a fresh start by eliminating debts they can no longer pay. But as I always say, an individual or company may not need to file for bankruptcy. You have to consider all of your options. But in this section, we will focus on the bankruptcy filing process.

It all starts with you going to see a Trustee for a free, no-obligation initial consultation. The Trustee will listen to the facts you describe and ask you some questions to gain a better and deeper understanding of your specific situation. The Trustee will then tell you about the various debt relief options he or she believes are available to you. The Trustee will then provide you with his or her recommendation as to what is best for your situation and why.

Many factors will play into the Trustee’s recommendations, especially around your debt issues, including:

  • The types of debts.
  • Your unsecured debt vs. secured debts.
  • Do you have any student debt and if so, when did you graduate from the program that you acquired the student loan debt for?
  • The total amount of your Canadian debts and any foreign debt you may have.
  • Is Canada Revenue Agency hounding you for tax debt?
  • How appropriate are all the various debt options for your situation?
  • What percentage of debts are related to your assets that you cannot afford to lose.
  • What is the nature and extent of all of your assets?
  • Which assets are exempt from seizure and which are non-exempt?
  • Do you have any joint (co-signed) debt and how will your insolvency filing affect the other person?
  • Is the pressure from debt you are feeling right now require an immediate filing or could you wait a bit to see how some things play out over the short-term future?
  • Do you need immediate protection from debt and the related creditors or debt collectors taking collection actions right now such as trying to enforce against your assets, sue you or garnish your wages under a judgement?
  • How is your burden of debt currently affecting you and your family?
  • Comparing your current debt situation pre-filing to what your debt after filing and after your discharge will look like under each of the available alternatives.
  • How does the Trustee’s debt assessment factor into the realistic alternatives available to you to avoid bankruptcy?
  • Does your debt level at this stage that of overwhelming debts or are you right now only feeling mild indigestion? Perhaps you could work out of your debt problems on your own with just one or two strategies the Trustee will share with you at the no-cost consultation stage.

The Trustee considers all of this to see if you have an unmanageable debt to determine the best options available to you, including having you file for bankruptcy. You don’t want to do a consumer bankruptcy filing for yourself or have your company filing bankruptcy if it is not necessary to fix the debt problems.

How to file for bankruptcy – How the bankruptcy process starts

Alright, now for getting to answering the question I posed in the title and at the beginning of this Brandon Blog. Can a Canadian file for bankruptcy from the luxurious Caribbean? Can Canadian bankruptcy filings start from outside of Canada? To answer this question, we must look at what are the requirements of both the debtor, be it a person or company, and the Trustee, for a bankruptcy file to begin? All of my comments below, with appropriate amendments for context, will apply to:

  • an individual filing a debt settlement consumer proposal;
  • a person filing for personal bankruptcy;
  • either a person or a company filing a debt settlement financial restructuring proposal under Part III Division I of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA); or
  • a company filing an assignment in bankruptcy.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the debtor and Trustee met in-person at the Trustee’s office in order for the Trustee to assess the debtor’s financial situation. If an insolvency process was required to help fix the debtor’s financial problems, then there was also an in-person meeting at the Trustee’s office to sign up the filing documents. Since the pandemic began, the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy Canada (OSB) Messages to LITs concerning COVID-19 gave Trustees the authority to hold meetings by video conference. This is how the whole world has been operating for almost 1 year now. So this is how the insolvency process begins.

In addition to the initial consultation and signup. other meetings are also held via video meetings. Examples are a Meeting of Creditors and the two credit counselling sessions. Although the OSB’s guidance does say that Trustees can use methods other than in-person…..” for those areas where they have an approved resident or non-resident office…” keep in mind that a Trustee is licensed to act within an entire province! I won’t get into the semantics of the apparent conflict between the OSB’s guidance and its licensing approval process in this Brandon Blog.

file for bankruptcy
file for bankruptcy

Who can file for bankruptcy?

Any insolvent person can file for bankruptcy. Section 2 of the BIA defines an insolvent person as:

“insolvent person means a person who is not bankrupt and who resides, carries on business or has property in Canada, whose liabilities to creditors provable as claims under this Act amount to one thousand dollars, and

  • (a) who is for any reason unable to meet his obligations as they generally become due,
  • (b) who has ceased paying his current obligations in the ordinary course of business as they generally become due, or
  • (c) the aggregate of whose property is not, at a fair valuation, sufficient, or, if disposed of at a fairly conducted sale under legal process, would not be sufficient to enable payment of all his obligations, due and accruing due;”
  • So to file for bankruptcy, amongst other requirements, the person or company must reside, carry on business or have property in Canada.

The locality of the debtor

Once all the documents are signed up to file for bankruptcy, the Trustee has to file them with the OSB in the “locality of the debtor“. Section 2 of the BIA defines “locality of the debtor” as:

“locality of a debtor means the principal place

(a) where the debtor has carried on business during the year immediately preceding the date of the initial bankruptcy event,

(b) where the debtor has resided during the year immediately preceding the date of the initial bankruptcy event, or

(c) in cases not coming within paragraph (a) or (b), where the greater portion of the property of the debtor is situated;”

If the debtor has been living in the Caribbean for 4 months immediately preceding the date of the filing of the assignment in bankruptcy, do they qualify? The answer is yes. Court decisions have determined that the word “during” means “at some time” during the year preceding the date of bankruptcy. It does not mean continuously. So during these pandemic days where we meet with everyone online, it is possible for the Canadian person to be in the Caribbean, meet with the Trustee for the initial consultation, decide on an insolvency process, in this case, bankruptcy and then initiate the bankruptcy proceedings, all from the luxury of a Caribbean vacation spot.

Let’s not delve into how a debtor who needs to file for bankruptcy can afford to live in the Caribbean or whose villa it is. That is beyond the scope of this Brandon Blog.

What about the Trustee?

The same way the debtor, or a judge, can transact business by video meeting from outside Canada, the same is true for the Trustee. As long as the Trustee can access all his or her office documents and systems online from outside of the office, there is no reason why the Trustee could not operate from the Caribbean as well to handle the person or company that wants to file for bankruptcy.

I am not advocating for this position, especially when you consider both the danger of and the appropriateness of travelling during these times of hardship and sacrifice. But since the question was “Can a Canadian file for bankruptcy from the Caribbean or anywhere else in the world?”, the answer is YES.

So whether you are a judge in the Ontario court, an insolvent debtor or a Trustee, I do not see any legal reason why someone could not file for bankruptcy from the Caribbean or anywhere else in the world.

File for bankruptcy summary

I hope you enjoyed the file for bankruptcy Brandon Blog post. If you are concerned because you or your business are dealing with substantial debt challenges and you assume bankruptcy is your only option, call me. It is not your fault that you remain in this way. You have actually been only shown the old ways to try to deal with financial issues. These old ways do not work anymore.

The Ira Smith Team utilizes new modern-day ways to get you out of your debt difficulties while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you the relief you need and so deserve.

The tension put upon you is big. We know your discomfort factors. We will check out your entire situation and design a new approach that is as unique as you and your problems; financial and emotional. We will take the weight off of your shoulders and blow away the dark cloud hanging over you. We will design a debt settlement strategy for you. We know that we can help you now.

We understand that people and businesses facing financial issues need a realistic lifeline. There is no “one solution fits all” method with the Ira Smith Team. Not everyone has to file bankruptcy in Canada. The majority of our clients never do. We help many people and companies stay clear of bankruptcy.

That is why we can establish a new restructuring procedure for paying down debt that will be built just for you. It will be as one-of-a-kind as the economic issues and discomfort you are encountering. If any one of these seems familiar to you and you are serious about getting the solution you need, contact the Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. group today.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation.

We will get you or your business back up driving to healthy and balanced trouble-free operations and get rid of the discomfort factors in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

We hope that you and your family are safe, healthy and secure during this coronavirus pandemic.

Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. is absolutely operational and Ira, in addition to Brandon Smith, is readily available for a telephone consultation or video meeting.

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HOW TO LOSE MONEY WITH WINNING LOTTERY NUMBERS

winning lottery numbersIntroduction

It is true that winning a lotto game can transform lives. Most people hope for winning lottery numbers. They hope for a lotto win to bring life-altering money. They hope their winning ticket will let them quickly repay a home mortgage or get a new home, purchase a brand-new vehicle, bring on early retirement and also limitless travelling.

That dream result is not always the case. I really hope a money windfall will bring excellent luck and fortune to you. However, this Brandon’s Blog is about how betting on winning lottery numbers to erase your debt or repair all your troubles, might not always hold true.

The probability of having the winning lottery numbers

Winning lotto is an unbelievable experience. The possibility of winning a lotto game are controlled by the law of probabilities. You do not need to have a Ph.D. in mathematics to recognize that winning a lottery game is a once-in-many-lifetimes chance. The likelihood of winning a lottery game is truly a conditional probability.

Your chances of winning are conditional on the number of tickets you have purchased. The selling of individual tickets and the selection of the winning lottery numbers are independent events. After that, the probability of winning a lottery is the combined event wherein your ticket matches the numbers selected.

There are just two ways of raising your possibilities to win a lottery game:

  1. Purchase extra tickets.
  2. You and your associate engage in fraudulent behaviour by having inside details on which numbers your pal can manipulate the bouncing spheres to get you the win!

Religious people say that everything they obtain is a true blessing. So, I assume winning a lottery falls into that same category. So, rather than thinking about their probabilities of winning, they buy lotto tickets and put their faith a higher power. Some people claim that the opportunity of winning a lottery game is so low, it is almost like throwing your cash away. The opposite side of the coin is that people who talk about the small probability of winning the lotto are met with the argument: But what if I’m the one?

Winning a lottery is not a debt elimination plan

For sure winning a lotto will put a smile on your face. Winning a lotto may be among the best experiences in someone’s life. Winning a lottery has constantly been the only opportunity for the typical individual with financial debts to get their financial freedom. Surveys show that virtually half of Canadians are counting on either receiving an inheritance or winning a lotto game for their retirement, with similar numbers showing up in various other developed nations.

Some people incorrectly think winning a lotto will fix all their troubles. If you see that your desire for winning a lotto has developed into troubles in any other facets of your life, understand that you are a lottery addict. The addiction is fuelled because the possibility of winning the lotto is so little and there are none of the regular small gains which persuade the habitual casino player to take their winnings and leave the table a winner that day. Chasing after the desire of winning the lottery keeps many people always coming back for more because their requirement to win has actually not been satisfied.

Winning a lotto game can have both adverse as well as positive influences in your life. Winning a lotto can totally transform you. A few years ago I wrote two blogs on how winning a lottery can ruin a person’s life as opposed to saving it. Those people actually lost money with winning lottery numbers.

Worse problems from winning a lottery

Most provincial lotteries have similar rules. One common rule is the need for transparency by publishing the name and other details about the winner. This can lead to worse problems than the ones I have already mentioned. Consider this coming from the United States.

One fortunate lottery winner from New Jersey might have the ability to relish all the cash from the next state lottery in secret– many thanks to a brand-new regulation that went into effect just last month. New Jersey Gov. Phil Murphy signed a law in January that enables winners to stay confidential.

Previous Governor Chris Christie vetoed the regulation saying that it would certainly threaten the openness that provides taxpayers confidence in the honesty of the lottery game. But advocates of the regulation, which was passed unanimously this year, claimed lottery winners must be able to make their own choice on whether they want the publicity or not.

New Jersey joined a handful of various other states consisting of Arizona, Delaware, Georgia as well as Kansas that permit lotto game champions to conceal their identifications if their winnings exceed a particular amount.

The legislation excuses names and addresses from the state’s public records, but state departments are still able to share the information internally to collect child assistance or other state social assistance overpayments.

Winning the lottery can lead to great pleasures like high-end cars, holidays and homes. However, it can also attract a lot of unwanted attention. All sorts of scammers come out of the woodwork to try to get the lotto winners to separate from their money. It can also lead to unwanted attention, harassment and even physical violence.

In 2016, a 20-year-old male that had won an almost half-million-dollar lottery game prize was killed during a home invasion robbery in Georgia. In 2010, a man that won $31 million, was found buried under concrete. His good friend was found guilty of his murder.

So from these examples, it is possible to lose money and more, with winning lottery numbers.

Summary

You can’t rely on winning lottery numbers to solve your financial problems. In fact, always buying lottery tickets might lead some people to have bigger problems. Do you have too much debt? Are you banking on some outside event that you have no control over, like an inheritance or gambling winnings to save you or your company?

If yes, then you need immediate help. The Ira Smith Team comprehends just how to do a debt restructuring. Much more notably, we know the demands of the business owner or the person who has too much debt. Due to the fact that you are managing these stressful financial problems, you are anxious.

It is not your fault you cannot fix this issue on your own. You have just been shown the old ways. The old ways do not work anymore. The Ira Smith Team makes use of new contemporary ways to get you out of your debt troubles while avoiding bankruptcy. We can get you debt relief now.

At Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc., we take a look at your whole condition and layout a strategy that is as unique as you are. We take the load off of your shoulders as a part of the debt negotiation approach we will create just for you.

We understand that individuals facing financial troubles require a lifeline. That is why we can establish a restructuring procedure for you as well as end the pain you feel.

Call us now for a no-cost consultation. We will certainly get you or your business back on the road to a well balanced and healthy life and end the pain factors in your life, Starting Over, Starting Now.

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INSOLVENT DEFINITION: A NEW FOCUS FOR TORONTO BANKRUPTCY TRUSTEE

JUNE 17, 2019 UPDATE: The Court of Appeal for Ontario reversed this lower court decision. You can read all about it in our blog update – INSOLVENT DEFINITION RESTORED IN COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO

Insolvent definition: Introduction

The basis of the Canadian insolvency system is to assist the honest but unfortunate person or company shed their debt (with certain limitations) and start over fresh. There are many terms defined in the Canadian insolvency legislation. The most basic one is the insolvent definition.

Last week I reviewed a decision of the Ontario bankruptcy Court that really did give me a new focus. It doesn’t change the bottom line of the advice I would give an insolvent debtor, but it did change my focus. That is one of the things I love about being a licensed insolvency trustee (formerly called a bankruptcy trustee). I never stop learning.

Insolvent definition: Two examples

The Oxford dictionary definition is:

“insolvent

ADJECTIVE

Unable to pay debts owed.

‘the company became insolvent’”

Section 2 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. B-3) (BIA) defines an insolvent person as:

“insolvent person means a person who is not bankrupt and who resides, carries on business or has property in Canada, whose liabilities to creditors provable as claims under this Act amount to one thousand dollars, and

(a) who is for any reason unable to meet his obligations as they generally become due,

(b) who has ceased paying his current obligations in the ordinary course of business as they generally become due, or

(c) the aggregate of whose property is not, at a fair valuation, sufficient, or, if disposed of at a fairly conducted sale under legal process, would not be sufficient to enable payment of all his obligations, due and accruing due;”

Insolvent definition: The concept of net worth

Insolvent person refers to both people and companies. The BIA definition incorporates the common English definition. The BIA definition also incorporates the accounting concept of net worth. Net worth = Assets – Liabilities. If the difference is positive, you have a positive net worth. If the difference is negative, you have negative or no net worth.

For those that want to read more about the concept of net worth, look at the Addendum I wrote which is at the bottom of this blog. Since many of you already have an advanced understanding of net, I don’t want to insert it in here.

When giving our free first consultation, my advice to anyone with lots of debt but positive net worth is that in bankruptcy, they will lose their non-exempt assets. If the major asset providing the positive net worth value is their home, I advise the person that they will lose their equity in their home which is not a good outcome. So, my first advice is always to see if the person can either refinance the home or sell it. Then they can use the funds to pay off their debts. In a sale, any balance can be used as a down payment on a smaller home or can set them up nicely to rent.

I normally don’t think of part (c) of the BIA insolvent definition as being mutually exclusive. However, after reading the Court decision and looking again at the BIA definition, I am reminded that it really is. Let me describe the Court’s decision to explain.

Insolvent definition: Kormos v. Fast, 2018 ONSC 6044 (CanLII)

Mr. and Mrs. Kormos got a judgment against their neighbours, Mr. and Mrs. Fast. The Small Claims Court at St. Catherines issued the judgment for $25,565.64. This judgment comes about from problems arising from flooding in their home which was triggered by the Fasts.

After the judgment was given, the Fasts were contacted by Mr. Kormos’ licensed insolvency trustee (Trustee). The Trustee advised that Mr. Fast had submitted a consumer proposal under the BIA many months previously, on August 24, 2016. Mr. Fast did not previously mention anything about his consumer proposal or his later filing of an assignment in bankruptcy.

Fifteen days after the Kormos plaintiffs started enforcement of the judgment by serving a notice of examination on Mrs. Fast, she made an assignment in bankruptcy under the BIA on April 25, 2017.

In their different bankruptcy filings, each of the Fasts attested in their respective sworn Statement of Affairs, that their home in Queenston, Ontario (Home) was worth $630,000.

Mr. and Mrs. Kormos provided evidence by way of an expert witness appraisal who also testified in Court, showing that the Home was considerably underestimated in the BIA filings by Mr. Fast on August 24, 2016, and Mrs. Fast on April 25, 2017, when she made an assignment in bankruptcy.

The Kormos’ lawyer stated that when a reasonable value is designated to the Home, neither Mr. Fast nor Mrs. Fast was insolvent when their corresponding filings were made under the BIA. They were obviously relying on the fact that each of Mr. and Mrs. Fast really had a positive net worth.

Mr. and Mrs. Kormos were looking for an Order under the BIA (i) annulling Mr. Fast’s consumer proposal as well as, if required, his 2014 bankruptcy; as well as (ii) annulling Mrs. Fast’s bankruptcy.

Insolvent definition: The Court’s analysis

Mr. and Mrs. Kormos wanted:

  1. An Order according to s. 66.3(1) of the BIA annulling the consumer proposal submitted by Mr. Fast.
  2. Since an outcome of such an annulment would be that Mr. Fast is considered to make an assignment in bankruptcy under s. 66.3(5) of the BIA, they also were looking for an annulment of his bankruptcy on the ground that Mr. Fast is not presently insolvent.
  3. An order according to ss. 181(1) as well as 187(5) of the BIA annulling the bankruptcy of Mrs. Fast.
  4. An Order according to Rule 60.07 of the Rules of Civil Procedure issuing a writ of seizure and sale of the Home.

The Fasts did not challenge the expert appraisal opinion. The Court accepted the expert’s appraisal as being the value of the Home on the relevant dates of Mr. and Mrs. Fast’s respective filings under the BIA.

The Court looked at the insolvent definition in the BIA, which again is:

“insolvent person means a person who is not bankrupt and who resides, carries on business or has property in Canada, whose liabilities to creditors provable as claims under this Act amount to one thousand dollars, and

(a) who is for any reason unable to meet his obligations as they generally become due,

(b) who has ceased paying his current obligations in the ordinary course of business as they generally become due, or

(c) the aggregate of whose property is not, at a fair valuation, sufficient, or, if disposed of at a fairly conducted sale under legal process, would not be sufficient to enable payment of all his obligations, due and accruing due;”

In her bankruptcy filing, Mrs. Fast filed her statement of monthly income and expenses. According to the statement, her monthly expenses exceed her monthly income by $2,010. When looking at the definition of an insolvent, the Court concluded that Mrs. Fast was unable to meet her obligations and had stopped paying her current obligations. Notwithstanding that the Court found that Mrs. Fast probably understated the value of her interest in the Home, the Court was not persuaded to annul her bankruptcy as she met the definition of an insolvent person.

As for Mr. Fast, the Court decided it would not annul his consumer proposal. The Judge went on to say that even if he was persuaded to do so, Mr. Fast was still a bankrupt and the Judge had no evidence for the proposition that his bankruptcy should also be annulled.

So, the Judge did not grant the application, the Fasts are under their respective BIA proceedings and Mr. and Mrs. Kormos can file their claim with the Fasts’ Trustee.

Insolvent definition: The Trustee

Now the Trustee has an interesting situation. The Trustee is now aware of the expert valuation of the Home. The Trustee will have to use that information to decide if the Fasts have equity in their home. If yes, then as far as Mrs. Fast, her equity will have to be realized upon because she is bankrupt. Her equity in the Home devolves to the Trustee as an asset (if it is more than the minuscule provincial exemption).

Is Mr. Fast’s consumer proposal has already been (deemed) accepted by the creditors and (deemed) approved by the Court. If yes, then he will just have to keep making the agreed payments to fully complete his consumer proposal and get out of bankruptcy. If not, the Trustee will now have to take his real equity in the Home into account. The Trustee will have to decide if the consumer proposal can still be recommended to the creditors, or if it must be improved because of the increased total asset value.

Insolvent definition: Are you insolvent?

Are you unable to pay your debts as they come due? Are your bills past due and you don’t know how you are going to pay them? If so, then you are insolvent, and we can help end your pain.

Licensed Insolvency Trustees (formerly called bankruptcy trustees) are the only experts accredited, licensed and supervised by the federal government to handle debt restructuring. As a licensed insolvency trustee, our personalized strategy will assist you to know all your alternatives. The alternative you choose based on our recommendations will take away the stress and pain you are feeling because of your debt problems.

The Ira Smith Team has decades and generations of experience people and companies in financial trouble. Whether it is a consumer proposal debt settlement plan, a larger personal or corporate restructuring proposal debt settlement plan, or as a last resort, bankruptcy, we have the experience.

Our approach for each file is to create a result where Starting Over, Starting Now takes place. This starts the minute you are at our front door. You’re simply one phone call away from taking the necessary steps to get back to leading a healthy, balanced hassle-free life. Call us today for your free consultation.

Insolvent definition: NET WORTH ADDENDUM

Regularly monitoring your finances reveals invaluable lessons. A most important aspect of building wealth is to find it. People that constantly increase their net worth track it to direct it. So, the starting point is understanding what the net worth definition for a person is.

Seeing the measurable results of your spending and investing decisions is the first step to take control of them. Contrarily, people in the worst monetary shape have no concept where their money is spent and are too afraid to know what their net worth might be since it will not be pretty.

Which extreme more closely matches your mindset? You can’t handle what you don’t measure. Consider it: if you were seriously rich, you’d invest a long time weekly handling some element of your finances.

A beginner variation of a financial tracking approach is needed to begin improving your financial condition.. In addition, the more money you build up, the more financial assets and liabilities to keep an eye on. I ‘d wager that you won’t own them for long if you don’t have your financial tracking system set up before you acquire them. If you don’t see and feel the gains and losses of your monetary choices–you are playing the complex money-game of life without any scorecard.

This is how so many people with good income still find their way into financial trouble. You need to have navigation reference points to know if you are going toward developing wealth or ruining wealth. It is by monitoring your net worth that you’ll begin to discover the monetary impact and effects of your decisions.

The beginning point for financial measuring is a simple statement of net worth (or balance sheet). It is a list of the current market price of whatever you own and what you owe to others. Your net worth is the difference between these 2 numbers. This is the number that you want to measure and increase every month. As with a business, as soon as you start determining the monetary repercussions of your habits you can begin making your own individual financial guidance. Basic insights and rules like these will help increase your net worth. This will lead to bigger insights and develop into bigger gains.

If you find that you have a lot of debt that is reducing your net worth, or possibly a negative net worth, then what guidance about debt are you going to develop for yourself? Think about including a guideline to read a new personal finance book each year. Your money rules and net worth statements can be as advanced or as basic as you wish to make them.

When you have computed your calculation of net worth, you begin having the ability to plan for purchases and payments. As an easy example, if your auto insurance coverage costs get paid annually, you can calculate just how much cash that you must to set aside monthly to easily pay it when the bill arrives. Or if you are getting a new car, you’ll be a lot better prepared for the first costs before you get squeezed at the end of the month and wind up paying a couple of bills late.

After you get comfortable with a net worth statement, you can move on to an income & expense sheet. How much net worth will you need by when? The answer is based upon the financial routines, tools and education you will establish. However, it can all start with your very first net worth statement.

JUNE 17, 2019 UPDATE: The Court of Appeal for Ontario reversed this lower court decision. You can read all about it in our blog update – INSOLVENT DEFINITION RESTORED IN COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO insolvent definition

 

 

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HANNAH BELL BEATS PEI NDP LEADER: WE EXPOSE HER SECRET TACTIC TO BEAT YOUR DEBT PROBLEMS

Hannah Bell beats PEI NDP Leader: Introduction

Hannah Bell beats PEI NDP leader was certainly a great headline. However, the one we want to focus on is “Hannah Bell Beats Her Debt Problems”. The purpose of this Brandon’s blog is to tell the story of the financial woes of Hannah Bell. She is a Prince Edward Island woman who recently won a by-election in Prince Edward Island. Hannah Bell, PEI Charlottetown-Parkdale, is the 2nd Green Party MLA sworn into the legislature. Ms. Bell is a very accomplished woman. Here is a link to the Hannah Bell PEI bio.

Hannah Bell beats PEI NDP Leader: Hannah’s story is like so many others

Hannah’s story is like so many others who have filed for either bankruptcy or a consumer proposal, the best bankruptcy alternative. It is also like many who have consulted and filed with our firm; life got in the way. The only difference is that none of our clients hold public office like Hannah Bell PEI green party member Charlottetown-Parkdale.

Hannah Bell beats PEI NDP Leader: Hannah’s tax problem

A Federal memorial submitted versus her, the Green Party candidate that won the District 11 Charlottetown-Parkdale by-election in a surprise victory over the Liberals and Progressive Conservatives. The judgment, submitted in September 2016, reveals she owes $26,252 to the federal government in tax obligations.

She was reassessed a $26,000 tax obligation after the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) carried out a review of her tax returns going back many years. She states she had gotten some bad tax recommendations when relocating her government pension plan into a private plan after leaving a federal government position. The outcome was this costly tax obligation.

Be proactive and proud like Hannah Bell

She says she is not embarrassed by this tale of her financial woes. She states that she has worked very hard through some difficult times to provide for herself and her child as a single mother. Her debt was such when– after a previous costly custody fight and living life as a single mom– that she determined the most effective means to manage this issue was to file a consumer proposal through a Licensed Insolvency Trustee.

Ms. Bell states it’s unfortunate her economic problems had to come to light as part of the other candidates’ political agenda. “Most of us don’t have emergency funds that go into the tens of thousands of dollars,” Bell said.

Ms. Bell is somewhat philosophical about her journey:

“It puts me a bit closer to everybody’s regular story, which is – I can tell you what it feels like to run out of money and wonder what you’re going to do and that you have to make really good decisions. So for that, there is no shame in this.”

She is not alone

Ms. Bell is by far not alone. In previous blogs, we have shown that even the rich and famous have run into financial problems and declared bankruptcy.

Family and Human Services Minister Tina Mundy’s individual economic debts ended up being front-page fodder in 2015. Premier Wade MacLauchlan had actually picked her for cabinet then, and one day after being sworn in, approved her resignation after it concerned him that Ms. Mundy had submitted a consumer proposal.

The financial woes of Hannah Bell could happen to anyone. From our experience, we agree with Ms. Bell’s assessment that her journey puts her a bit closer to many people’s regular story.

What to do if you have too much debt

This story shows that anything is possible. Against all odds, Hannah Bell won the election and her debt problems. With our help, you can beat your debt problems too.

Have you been reassessed by CRA and don’t have the money to pay them in a reasonable period? Do you have unmanageable debts from any other reason? Be proactive, just like Hannah Bell and Tina Mundy. It’s time to repair the cycle of debt while you still have alternatives.

The Ira Smith Team has years of experience assisting Canadians like you, getting you back on track to debt free living. Call Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. today so that we can help you regain control of your life and be stress-free, Starting Over, Starting Now.

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PRENUPTIAL AGREEMENTS MAKE FAMILIES STRONGER: THEY AREN’T JUST FOR THE RICH & FAMOUS – PRENUPS IN ONTARIO ARE FOR YOU TOO

prenuptial agreements make families stronger prenups in ontarioPrenuptial agreements make families stronger: Introduction

Every time we hear about another celebrity divorce, there’s talk about their prenup. But prenups are not new, nor are they only for the rich and famous. In fact, prenups have been around for thousands of years and historians believe they were first used in ancient Egypt. Prenuptial agreements make families stronger by hopefully, stating clearly what happens if divorce occurs.

The reality is that with the divorce rate as high as it is (over 40% in Canada and over 50% in the U.S.) prenups make good financial sense for everyone. I know it’s not romantic to plan for when divorce or death happen, but should the worst happen, you’ll be prepared and protected. In this blog, we focus on married couples, but keep in mind most of this applies to people living in a cohabitation arrangement too. We are not lawyers and this blog is not meant to give legal advice. We recommend you seek the advice of an experienced family law lawyer in dealing with any situation.

Prenuptial agreements make families stronger: Prenuptial agreements definition

What is a prenup? A prenup, or prenuptial agreement, is a legal agreement entered into before marriage. It establishes the financial and property rights of each spouse if divorce or death happens.

Prenuptial agreements make families stronger: Why prenups in Ontario?

Why should I get a prenup? As we discussed in our earlier blog, very few couples have had serious discussions about their finances before getting married. Many were not aware of the other’s debts or what their soon-to-be-spouse earned.

Even if you’ve avoided the discussion until now, a prenup will put everything on the table. It legally requires both parties to show all of their assets (including any debt) and will help you formalize your plans for the future. A prenup gives you control instead of the courts “just in case”.

Prenuptial agreements make families stronger: The practical reasons

There are many practical reasons why you should get a prenup. If divorce or death happens it can:

  1. Make sure that the divorce doesn’t turn into a war zone that takes no prisoners
  2. Prevent a long drawn out legal battle
  3. Protect spouses from each other’s debts
  4. Dictate how one spouse’s property can be passed on to children from a previous marriage
  5. Indicate whether one of the parties is to receive alimony
  6. Ensure that upon your death that your assets are distributed according to your wishes
  7. Prevent your spouse from owning a part of your business
  8. Decide who gets custody of the dog, cat or other pets

Prenuptial agreements make families stronger: Don’t be destroyed financially

Prenuptial agreements make families stronger: they aren’t just for the rich and famous – prenups in Ontario are for you too! They can protect you from the financial ravages of divorce.

We’ve seen many couples destroyed financially due to divorce and we could help them get back on track. The Ira Smith Team can help you too. Give us a call today and Starting Over, Starting Now we can set you on a path to debt free living.

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CONSUMER PROPOSALS TORONTO ON CANADA

Advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals: Introduction

In this vlog, we answer the question “What are the advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals?”.

Advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals: Who is it for?

A Consumer proposal is a part of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (BIA) found in Part III Division 2 of the BIA. It is available for people who do not owe more than $250,000 to their creditors, NOT including any mortgages or other loans registered against a principal residence.

The first test is being insolvent? What I mean by that is:

  1. are your financial obligations greater than the worth of your property?
  2. if you sold your assets you would not have enough funds to settle your financial commitments totally
  3. you are having problems making the total required payments to pay off in full each of your financial commitments monthly

advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals

Advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals: The Advantages

If so, then teaming up with a licensed insolvency trustee (LIT) acting as your consumer proposal administrator, the advantages are:

  1. Pay your creditors part of what you owe them over a period not greater than 60 months.
  2. Broaden the time you can use to pay off your financial debts.
  3. Stop the interest clock.
  4. Make monthly payments to the LIT for the benefit of your creditors that you can afford within your budget.
  5. If successful, you get to keep your assets.
  6. If successful, the cost of your consumer proposal can be thought of as being free. The BIA sets the fee of the LIT. The amount of payments you must promise to make to get your creditors to vote in favour ignores the fee of the LIT in performing that calculation.
  7. Remain free from bankruptcy.

You should think of a consumer proposal as obtaining an interest-free loan to combine your debts, pay only a part to get rid of them all. Your interest-free loan can have a term of no longer than 5 years.

Advantages and disadvantages of consumer proposals: The Disadvantages

There are not many disadvantages to a consumer proposal. The only one I can think of is that it is an insolvency proceeding under the BIA, so it will be and stay on your credit record for some time. But if you have so much debt you don’t know where to turn and you can’t pay it off, then your credit score has probably already taken a hit.

Get started now to gain back control of your life

If you’re thinking of a consumer proposal as an option to deal with your financial debts, telephone Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. now.

Our method is to set up an outcome for you where Starting Over, Starting Now becomes a reality, beginning the minute you walk through our door. You’re simply one telephone call away from leading a healthy, balanced and stress-free life again.

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CREDIT REPORT ONTARIO COMPANIES CAN REPORT EVEN IF YOU CAN’T BE SUED!

Credit report Ontario: Introduction

My Brandon’s Blog describes a Court decision that if you owe money, even if it is too late for you to be sued, it can still show up on your credit report Ontario. This is a very interesting case from the Court of Appeal for Ontario for consumers and consumer reporting.

The case was an attempt by Mr. Grant to have the credit reporting agencies Equifax and TransUnion remove from his credit report debts that were more than two years old on the basis that because he can’t be sued anymore, the most accurate reporting would be to cut those debts from his credit report. He argued that since the Ontario Limitations Act provided for a two-year limitation for when he could be sued on certain debts, therefore, any debts more than two years old for which you haven’t been sued should be removed from his credit report.

Limitations Act vs. Consumer Reporting Act

The credit reporting agencies successfully argued against that as the lower court ruled against Mr. Grant. He was now appealing to the Court of Appeal for Ontario. The Ontario Consumer Reporting Act states that debts up to seven years old can be reported and there lies the discrepancy. The Court of Appeal for Ontario agreed with the lower court and said that just because the Limitation Act says that you can’t be sued after two years that has no application to the Consumer Reporting Act that says all valid debts can be reported for up to seven years.

What the Court of Appeal said

The Court of Appeal went on to say just because a creditor misses the deadline or chooses not to sue within the two-year period it doesn’t mean that the debt still isn’t owed. The Court of Appeal also went on to say that under the Consumer Reporting Act people have the right to communicate with Equifax and TransUnion to have errors removed from their credit report. Unfortunately for Mr. Grant in his case, this was not an error.

What should you do if you have too much debt?

Do you have too many debts causing you discomfort on your credit report? Is your credit report creating a bigger hardship for yourself? For help with your debt issues contact Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. We’re your best defence against debt. Make an appointment for a free, no-obligation consultation and you can be well on your way to a debt free life Starting Over, Starting Now. Give us a call today.

credit report ontario

Credit Report Ontario: The decision of the Court of Appeal for Ontario

COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO

 

CITATION: Grant v. Equifax Canada Co., 2016 ONCA 500

DATE: 20160623

DOCKET: C61664

Rouleau, van Rensburg and Benotto JJ.A.

BETWEEN

Gary Grant

Applicant (Appellant)

and

Equifax Canada Co., Trans Union of Canada,

Ministry of Government Services and Consumer Services

Respondents (Respondents in Appeal)

Gary Grant, acting in person

Stephen Schwartz, for Equifax Canada Co.

Alan Melamud, for Trans Union of Canada

Domenico Polla, for the Ministry of Government Services and Consumer Services

Mahmud Jamal and Raphael Eghan, for the intervener Canadian Bankers Association

Heard: June 21, 2016

On appeal from the judgment of Justice Kofi N. Barnes of the Superior Court of Justice, dated November 2, 2015.

ENDORSEMENT

[1] The appellant brought an application in the Superior Court seeking an order that two consumer reporting agencies remove debts over two years old that were shown on his credit report, where no legal action had been commenced or judgment obtained in respect of the debts. He relied on the provisions of the Limitations Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c. 24, Sched. B, and in particular the basic limitation period of two years applicable to the commencement of a proceeding in respect of a claim.

[2] The appellant argued in the court below, and on appeal, that this two year limitation period should apply in interpreting the provisions of the Consumer Reporting Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. C.33 (the “CRA”). He asserts that, in requiring consumer reporting agencies to adopt all procedures reasonable for ensuring accuracy and fairness in the contents of their consumer reports (s. 9(1) of the CRA), the Act anticipates that debts will not be listed where a limitation period for their enforcement through legal action has expired. The most accurate record of a debt, he says, is one that has been or can be confirmed by an order or judgment of the court. When debts are included in consumer reports, where no legal action is possible, consumers are adversely impacted in their efforts to borrow money and to conduct other business.

[3] The respondents assert that the application judge did not err in his dismissal of the appellant’s application, on the basis that the basic limitation period has no application to the statutory framework for consumer credit reporting in Ontario, and that there was no violation by the consumer reporting agencies of the requirements of the CRA.

[4] We agree.

[5] The CRA provides for a regulatory scheme for the fair reporting of information regarding an individual’s history of credit activities. The CRA requires the registration of consumer reporting agencies, permits consumer reporting information to be provided only for certain prescribed purposes, and sets out standards for consumer reporting.

[6] The Limitations Act, 2002, by contrast, applies to bar “claims pursued in court proceedings” that are commenced outside the applicable limitation period. The Act does not apply to the CRA, whether expressly or by implication. Indeed, the CRA contains its own specific provisions prohibiting the inclusion of certain information in consumer reports, including debts or collections more than seven years old, unless confirmation that the debt or collection is not barred has been obtained. The CRA expressly contemplates that debts not reduced to judgment that are up to seven years old may be reported (see s. 9(3)(f)). This makes sense, as the passing of a limitation period does not extinguish a debt; it only precludes the commencement of a court proceeding for its enforcement. As such, the reporting of debts after a limitation period has passed, is not inconsistent with the purposes of the CRA, and is expressly contemplated by its terms.

[7] Under the Act, consumers, such as the appellant, have access to the information contained in their files, and a mechanism by which they can dispute information contained in a report to the consumer reporting agency, and to the Registrar of Consumer Reporting Agencies, with a right to apply to the Licence Appeal Tribunal for a hearing if they are aggrieved by a Registrar’s decision.

[8] The appellant availed himself of the right to dispute information, and was able to have certain stale information removed from his consumer reports. There was no basis, however, for requiring the removal of information concerning debts simply because they were more than two years old.

[9] For these reasons, the appeal is dismissed.

“Paul Rouleau J.A.”

“K. van Rensburg J.A.”

“M.L. Benotto J.A.”

CREDIT REPORT ONTARIO

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#VIDEO – HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE TO OWE TO FILE BANKRUPTCY?#

HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE TO OWE TO FILE BANKRUPTCY –

NOT MUCH!

We are always asked, how much do you have to owe to file bankruptcy? The real question is, here are my assets and my debts, what are my options? In Canada, the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (“BIA”) states that you must owe at least $1,000 of unsecured debt to file for bankruptcy. The same holds true if someone owes you money. They must owe you at least $1,000 on an unsecured basis to apply to the Court to make an Order judging a person or company into bankruptcy. As you can see, the threshold is not very high.

HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE TO OWE TO FILE BANKRUPTCY –

ARE YOU INSOLVENT?

Facing serious financial difficulties is devastating, especially if you believe that personal bankruptcy is your only option. In fact many people mistakenly believe that dire financial problems automatically mean personal bankruptcy. If you are having problems meeting your financial obligations or have stopped meeting those financial obligations as they come due you are actually insolvent, not bankrupt. Insolvent is a financial condition; bankruptcy is a legal state.

Bаnkruрtсу is a legal рrосеѕѕ under the BIA that helps you to resolve уоur debts if they have become unmanageable. If you have relatively few assets and low іnсоmе and dесіdе to file for bаnkruрtсу, you will probably fіlе under the shortened Summary Administration part of the BIA. If you have realizable assets that will produce a value greater than $10,000, then your bankruptcy would be administered under the general administration provisions. Don’t worry about these distinctions now. For now, just know that the streamlined summary administration rules is a simpler process, and the Superintendent of Bankruptcy sets the cost of the bankruptcy administration.

HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE TO OWE TO FILE BANKRUPTCY –

THE BANKRUPTCY PROCESS

In either case, you will turn over to your Licensed Insolvency Trustee (“LIT”) all of уоur рrореrtу that is not exempt (protected) by law. The LIT will sell your property and the proceeds used to рау for the bankruptcy administration and then to distribute to уоur сrеdіtоrѕ.

If you have very little property, all of it might be рrоtесtеd so that you will not lose it. How much уоur сrеdіtоrѕ will get in this process dереndѕ on how much уоur unрrоtесtеd property sells fоr and whether you must pay “surplus income” to your LIT.

The last step of your bankruptcy process, will be to get your discharge from your debts, meaning that you will not have to рау them all (with certain exceptions).

HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE TO OWE TO FILE BANKRUPTCY –

SEE A TRUSTEE EVEN IF YOU DO NOT WANT TO GO BANKRUPT!

People think that they should only see a LIT if they need to file for bankruptcy. Every LIT will give you a free 1 hour consultation, to go over your situation and offer you your available options. The topics the LIT will discuss with you are:

As you can see, bankruptcy is only one of many topics discussed, in determining what your options are, allowing you to choose the one that makes the most sense to you. No other professional can discuss this full range of topics with you, and especially not for free!

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO IF YOU OR YOUR COMPANY HAS TOO MUCH DEBT?

If you’re dealing with serious financial issues, contact a trustee, who is the Canadian bankruptcy expert. For the reasons already given, you should do this whether or not you’re contemplating bankruptcy. The reason is very simple: the licensed insolvency trustee will assess your situation, offer you all of your available options and will do this for you for free! You can’t find a better deal anywhere.

We’re not only bankruptcy experts; we’re experts in dealing with debt. Contact Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. today for a free consultation and you will be well on your way to regaining your former quality of life Starting Over, Starting Now.

THIS VLOG WAS INSPIRED IN PART BY OUR eBOOK – PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY CANADA: Not because you are a dummy, because you need to get your life back on track

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STUDENT LOANS DEBT: WILL BANKRUPTCY ELIMINATE IT IF YOU ARE NOT THE STUDENT?

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An interesting American case about student loans debt

Student loans debt is nearly impossible to get rid of in bankruptcy. A case winding its way through the US court system has piqued our intellectual interest. A father, who is a discharged bankrupt, is taking the lender who HE borrowed funds from for his child’s education to Court. The lender is continuing to pursue collection efforts against the father on the basis that the provisions of the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, as amended, codified in Title 11 of the United States Code and commonly called the “Bankruptcy Code” (“Code”), does not release the father from what is in reality student loans debt. The father is taking the lender to Court for a ruling that by virtue of his discharge, he is released from that debt like all his other debts. It has raised the question whether the same student loans debt rules should apply in that case.

The Canadian perspective

We are not qualified to express any opinion on the US legal case before the US Court, but we are qualified to discuss the issue from the Canadian perspective. We started thinking whether this same situation could arise in Canada for student loans.

Last week we discussed student debt bankruptcy from the perspective of the student. Previously, we have written blogs and created a vlog about student loan debt, including:

So this week, we’re discussing student loan debt and bankruptcy from a very different and interesting angle. Could a Canadian lender take the position against a Canadian parent borrower who on the loan application described the purpose of the loans for the funding of his or her child’s Canadian post-secondary education, that the loans qualify as student loans under the applicable Canadian statutes, including, the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) (BIA). Stated otherwise, are such loans the same as student loans under Canadian law and can bankruptcy cut such loans if you’re not the student?

Are student loans necessary?

Many young Canadians need student loans to get a post-secondary education. To qualify as Canadian student loan debt, the loans must be issued under a specific Canadian student loan statute: the (i) Canada Student Loans Act; (ii) Canada Student Financial Assistance Act; (iii) Apprentice Loans Act; or (iv) any enactment of a province that provides for loans or guarantees of loans to students.

All students need financial help to be full-time university students. The only real places that such assistance can come from is either the parents, if they are willing and able to do so, student loans, or both. Many Canadian parents pay a hefty part of students’ tuition fees, even if it means sacrificing their financial stability, to help their children avoid a post-graduation life burdened by tens of thousands of dollars of student debt. Others may wish to, but they cannot afford to do so.

So are student loans and the resultant debt necessary? In most cases, yes.

Can a parent co-sign for or guarantee their child’s student loans?

The short answer is no. As I have already stated, to qualify as a student loan, the loan has to be made under the provisions of one of the Federal loan statutes mentioned above, or any such similar Provincial legislation. Nowhere in those student loans statutes is there a place for either a guarantor or cosigner. In fact, the Federal statutes all have similar language stating that upon the death of the borrower, the Federal government will repay the outstanding part of the loan. In addition to there not being any sections that allow for a guarantor or cosigner, the specific section dealing with the death of the borrower does not limit the government’s guarantee by using words like “….and if the lender is unable to collect in full from any guarantor or cosigner”. The reason is simple, student loans cannot be guaranteed or otherwise borrowed by anyone other than the student.

Will bankruptcy eliminate student loans debt?

Student loans are nearly impossible to get rid of in bankruptcy. Section 178(1) of the BIA states:

“(g) any debt or obligation in respect of a loan made under the Canada Student Loans Act, the Canada Student Financial Assistance Act or any enactment of a province that provides for loans or guarantees of loans to students where the date of bankruptcy of the bankrupt occurred:

(i) before the date on which the bankrupt ceased to be a full- or part-time student, as the case may be, under the applicable Act or enactment, or

(ii) within seven years after the date on which the bankrupt ceased to be a full- or part-time student;

(g.1) any debt or obligation in respect of a loan made under the Apprentice Loans Act where the date of bankruptcy of the bankrupt occurred

(i) before the date on which the bankrupt ceased, under that Act, to be an eligible apprentice within the meaning of that Act, or

(ii) within seven years after the date on which the bankrupt ceased to be an eligible apprentice;”

So if you’re a student, bankruptcy will only end student loans if you’ve ceased to be a full or part-time student for more than seven years and either declare personal bankruptcy or make a debt proposal to your creditors, most likely through a consumer proposal. The only other option is to attempt to seek from the Court relief because of undue hardship, but this is very difficult, if not impossible.

What is required to meet the burden of undue hardship?

If the Court is satisfied that you meet the two-pronged test, you’ll be discharged from your student loans obligations in bankruptcy only if the :

  • acted in good faith in connection with your obligation to repay your student loan debt; and (emphasis added)
  • have experienced, and will continue to experience, financial difficulty that will prevent you from repaying this debt

It’s then up to the bankruptcy court to decide whether they forgive your loans, either in full or in part. One of the difficulties in trying to prove undue hardship is that there is no clear definition for what makes up hardship; each bankruptcy court across Canada may use a slightly different interpretation. The only thing that’s clear is that you must prove that having to continue to pay the student loans after bankruptcy would be a financial hardship for you. If you try this route, the Court will look at ALL of your income and expenses.

The Court may decide you are not trying hard enough, or, may look at things like your small car you use to get to work, which you purchased used (instead of taking public transit), your cell phone and your internet expenses, and decide that these are luxuries you do not need. If you are a smoker, the Court may very well decide that if you were not addicted to tobacco, you could start to repay some part of your student loans.

If you think my examples are picayune or silly, just look up the case of Fournier (Re), 2009 CanLII 31606 (ON SC).

Will bankruptcy eliminate student loan debt if you are not the student?

I don’t know what the eventual disposition of the US case which I mentioned at the beginning of this blog will be, but based on all the above, in my view in the Canadian context, a parent, relative or friend cannot guarantee, cosign or borrow for a loan that qualifies as a Canadian student loan. If you borrow to fund your child’s education, then you are borrowing under an ordinary commercial transaction and the applicable student loan sections of the BIA do not apply.

So if you have borrowed for this purpose, only the normal provisions of the BIA apply, and you will get a discharge from that and your other debts upon your discharge from bankruptcy. However, if you pledged any of your assets in support of such borrowings, such as your home, the lender does have the right to enforce its security against such assets if you cannot repay, whether you are bankrupt or not.

What should you do if you have too much debt?

If you’re drowning because of your finances, we know we can help you. Although many people believe that bankruptcy is the only way of out serious debt, that’s not always the case. Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc.can discuss other bankruptcy alternatives with you which include credit counselling, debt consolidation and consumer proposals.

If we get to see you early enough, at the first sign of trouble, you can use and carry out one of the bankruptcy alternatives, to free you from the burden of your financial challenges to go on to be a productive, contributing member of society and not be plagued by debt problems.

Bankruptcy law is very complicated and requires the expertise of a professional licensed insolvency trustee. Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. is here to help. With a cumulative 50+ years of experience dealing with diverse issues and complex files, we can get you back on your feet Starting Over, Starting Now. We can help. Call us today.


People consider us bankruptcy experts because we wrote the eBook which is sold on Amazon.ca, explaining the Canadian personal insolvency and bankruptcy system, specifically directed to the person stressed out with too much debt.

 

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Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: 6 Differences With Bankruptcy

Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Introduction

Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario are treated very differently than in a Bankruptcy in Ontario. One of the most common questions that people in difficult financial situations ask is: what’s the difference between a consumer proposal and bankruptcy?

Personal bankruptcies and consumer proposals are two of the most common solutions available for personal financial issues. While both are designed to help people resolve debt issues and give users the necessary protection from creditors, learning what’s the difference between a consumer proposal and bankruptcy can help people make more informed decisions in the future.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Consumer Proposal debt limitation

With a consumer proposal, it is only possible for you to claim it if your total debt does not exceed $250,000, excluding the debt owing on the mortgage(s) on your home. Additionally, you must be able to repay a part of those debts to apply.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Creditor acceptance

However, your creditors must accept your proposal, as you do not automatically earn it upon signing up for the option. With bankruptcy, however, any person who owes their creditors more than $1,000 in debt is eligible to file without the need for creditor approval.

The ideal candidates for this situation are those who need some type of immediate financial relief and whose income and budget do not allow them to pay off the reduced amount agreed to in a consumer proposal, on a monthly basis, up to a maximum of 60 months.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Fixed consumer proposal monthly payment vs. potential variable surplus income bankruptcy payment

In order to resolve the financial issues, you and your creditors need to agree to a proposed amount with a consumer proposal, hence the name of the program. This is a monthly amount that you need to pay consistently, but it stays the same for as long as the proposal is in effect. With bankruptcy, however, monthly payments may vary based on the amount of money that you make. The more that you regularly earn, the more you need to pay per month.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Surrendering of your assets in a bankruptcy

With a consumer proposal, you do not need to surrender your assets. With bankruptcy, however, with only certain minor exceptions, you will have to surrender your assets to your licensed insolvency trustee. The Trustee sells them and will use the money to pay for the cost of administration. The Trustee might also pay a dividend to your unsecured creditors.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Credit rating

With a consumer proposal, your credit rating will receive an R7. This indicates you have undergone such an agreement. It will remain for up to 3 years after paying off your loans. With bankruptcy, you earn an R9 rating. That is the worst that you can have. It can stay on your report for a period of 7 years.

  1. Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Debts from an addiction

The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act and the Superintendent of Bankruptcy, are very concerned about debts that have arisen as a result of addiction. The Licensed Insolvency Trustee must ask questions to decide if any debts have arisen as a result of addiction.

Once so determined, in a bankruptcy, the licensed insolvency trustee must oppose the bankrupt’s discharge. In order to hope to get an absolute discharge from the Court, the bankrupt will have to go into a rehabilitation program. They will need to prove they have completed a recognized program and continue to seek help. The person will also need to show they are no longer spending money on such addiction.

These are all good things for the total rehabilitation of the individual. It differs from the treatment under a consumer proposal. The licensed insolvency trustee will still want to make sure that the individual is seeking help for their addiction. If you complete your consumer proposal payments there will never be a bankruptcy. Your consumer proposal is successfully completed. You also avoid the onerous issues of discharge from bankruptcy. The treatment of gambling and consumer proposals Ontario as compared to bankruptcy is huge for the individual.

Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario
Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario

Gambling and Consumer Proposals Ontario: Are you suffering from too much debt?

If you are an individual or company who needs to free themselves from the stress and strain of too much debt, and especially if you have been told your situation is hopeless because of an addiction, Ira Smith Trustee & Receiver Inc. can prepare and carry out the plan made just for you, to free you from the burden of your financial challenges to go on to live a productive, stress-free, financially sound life.

If you’re experiencing serious debt issues for any reason, contact a professional trustee for a free, no-obligation consultation. The Ira Smith Team does not try to write new insolvency laws or tax laws. Rather, we will evaluate your situation within the existing statutes, and help you to arrive at the best possible solution for your problems, whether that solution is a bankruptcy alternative like credit counselling, debt consolidation or a consumer proposal or bankruptcy. Starting Over, Starting Now you can be debt-free with the help of a professional, licensed insolvency trustee. Contact us today.

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